Table 2.
The characteristics and clinical variables of patients in the prospective validation cohort
| Clinical variable | Validation sepsis | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sepsis survivors | Sepsis nonsurvivors | ||
| No. | 134 | 54 | |
| Age (years) | 61.8 ± 18.5 | 67 ± 14.4 | 0.07 |
| Gender (male %) | 64.20% | 61.10% | 0.69 |
| SOFA (median and IQR) | 7 (5–12) | 8 (6–13) | 0.22 |
| APACHE II (median and IQR) | 18 (13–24) | 22 (18–30) | 0.001 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 75.2 ± 14.9 | 65.8 ± 15.2 | 0.001 |
| PCT (median and IQR) | 2.13 (0.26–15.9) | 2.53 (0.74–36.5) | 0.086 |
| Pathogen | |||
| S. aureus [N (%)] | 13 (9.7%) | 4 (7.4%) | 0.62 |
| K. pneumoniae [N (%)] | 23 (17.2%) | 4 (7.4%) | 0.084 |
| E. coli [N (%)] | 9 (6.7%) | 4 (7.4%) | 0.86 |
| Source of infection | |||
| Respiratory [N (%)] | 46 (34.3%) | 23 (42.6%) | 0.29 |
| Abdominal [N (%)] | 18 (13.4%) | 7 (13.0%) | 0.94 |
| Urinary tract [N (%)] | 6 (4.5%) | 3 (5.6%) | 0.75 |
| Blood [N (%)] | 33 (24.6%) | 8 (14.8%) | 0.14 |
| Others [N (%)] | 31 (23.1%) | 13 (24.1%) | 0.88 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Diabetes mellitus [N (%)] | 32 (23.9%) | 16 (29.6%) | 0.42 |
| Cardiovascular disease [N (%)] | 43 (32.1%) | 23 (42.6%) | 0.17 |
| Malignancy [N (%)] | 16 (11.9%) | 11 (20.4%) | 0.13 |
| COPD [N (%)] | 5 (3.7%) | 2 (3.7%) | 1 |
| Chronic kidney disease [N (%)] | 8 (6.0%) | 2 (3.7%) | 0.53 |
| Chronic liver disease [N (%)] | 8 (6.0%) | 1 (1.9%) | 0.24 |
| Nervous system disease [N (%)] | 20 (14.9%) | 14 (25.9%) | 0.077 |
| Immunosuppression [N (%)] | 14 (10.4%) | 8 (14.8%) | 0.4 |
Data were shown as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or median with interquartile range (IQR) or number with percentages depending on the distribution. P values were calculated by Student’s t test or Mann-Whitney U test or proportional Z test
Abbreviations: SOFA The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, APACHE II Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, MAP mean arterial pressure, PCT procalcitonin, S. aureus Staphylococcus aureus, K. pneumoniae Klebsiella pneumoniae, E. coli Escherichia coli, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease