Table 5.

Screening accuracy of the PHQ-2* during pregnancy and postpartum using the EPDS as reference standard for at least probable minor depression

	Antepartum
n % (95% CI)	Baseline n = 303			36-weeks n = 275
	Positive	≥ 2	≥ 3	Positive	≥ 2	≥ 3
True positive	12	12	6	12	12	6
False negative	0	0	6	0	0	6
True negative	200	254	283	157	217	249
False positive	91	37	8	106	46	14
Sensitivity	1.0 (0.76–1.0)	1.0 (0.76–1.0)	0.50 (0.25–0.75)	1.0 (0.76–1.0)	1.0 (0.76–1.0)	0.50 (0.25–0.75)
Specificity	0.69 (0.63–0.74)	0.87 (0.83–0.91)	0.97 (0.95–0.99)	0.60 (0.54–0.65)	0.83 (0.78–0.87)	0.95 (0.91–0.97)
PPV	0.12 (0.07–0.19)	0.25 (0.15–0.38)	0.43 (0.21–0.67)	0.10 (0.06–0.17)	0.21 (0.12–0.33)	0.30 (0.15–0.52)
NPV	1.0 (0.98–1.0)	1.0 (0.99–1.0)	0.98 (0.96–0.99)	1.0 (0.98–1.0)	1.0 (0.98–1.0)	0.98 (0.95–0.99)
+LR	3.20 (2.70–3.79)	7.87 (5.82–10.63)	18.52 (7.49–44.17)	2.48 (2.14–2.87)	5.71 (4.40–7.43)	9.4 (4.39–20.12)
-LR	0 -	0 -	0.51 (0.29–0.91)	0 -	0 -	0.53 (0.30–0.93)
Postpartum
	6-weeks n = 252			26-weeks n = 227
	Positive	≥ 2	≥ 3	Positive	≥ 2	≥ 3
True positive	27	24	13	26	19	6
False negative	6	9	20	6	13	26
True negative	163	193	213	144	179	191
False positive	56	26	6	51	16	4
Sensitivity	0.82 (0.66–0.91)	0.73 (0.56–0.85)	0.39 (0.25–0.56)	0.81 (0.65–0.91)	0.59 (0.42–0.75)	0.19 (0.09–0.35)
Specificity	0.74 (0.68–0.80)	0.88 (0.83–0.92)	0.97 (0.94–0.99)	0.74 (0.67–0.80)	0.92 (0.87–0.95)	0.98 (0.95–0.99)
PPV	0.33 (0.23–0.43)	0.48 (0.35–0.62)	0.68 (0.46–0.85)	0.34 (0.24–0.45)	0.54 (0.38–0.70)	0.60 (0.31–0.83)
NPV	0.96 (0.93–0.98)	0.96 (0.92–0.98)	0.91 (0.87–0.94)	0.96 (0.92–0.98)	0.93 (0.89–0.96)	0.88 (0.83–0.92)
+LR	3.20 (2.43–4.22)	6.11 (4.04–9.30)	14.59 (5.87–35.21)	3.10 (2.33–4.15)	7.24 (4.18–12.54)	8.95 (2.73–30.61)
-LR	0.25 (0.12–0.51)	0.31 (0.18–0.54)	0.62 (0.47–0.82)	0.25 (0.12–0.53)	0.44 (0.29–0.67)	0.83 (0.70–0.98)

*Scoring method at cut-point ≥ 2 and ≥ 3 and categorical method (positive response to either or both questions)