Table 1.

Managerial competences: topics

Topic	Articles	%
Leadership	[25–27, 30, 38–53]	90.9%
Costing	[25–27, 30, 38–44, 46, 47, 49–52, 54, 55]	86.4%
Analysis	[25, 26, 30, 38, 40, 42–48, 50–55]	81.8%
Communication	[26, 27, 30, 38, 39, 41–50, 53–55]	81.8%
Human resource management	[25–27, 30, 39, 40, 43, 44, 47–51, 53–55]	72.7%
Organisational design	[25–27, 30, 38–40, 42, 44, 46–49, 51, 53, 55]	72.7%
Programming	[25–27, 30, 38, 40, 42–44, 47–49, 52, 54]	63.6%
Quality	[26, 27, 30, 39, 40, 43, 44, 46, 47, 50, 52, 54, 55]	59.1%
Change management	[25, 26, 44, 47, 51, 52, 55]	31.8%
Strategic planning	[26, 39, 43, 44, 47, 52, 54]	31.8%
Legality and ethics	[30, 39, 42, 43, 52, 55]	27.3%
Marketing	[26, 27, 30, 40, 43]	22.7%
Networking	[27, 40, 44, 47, 52]	22.7%
Problem solving	[30, 42, 43, 47, 54]	22.7%
Teaching	[40, 45, 46, 53]	18.2%