Fig. 1.

The coronavirus infection hot spots in China as of March 22, 2020, in relation to the countrywide railway system (the countrywide railway system is a component of the emergent socio-ecological network. It serves the needs of the human beings, but also nonexclusively “benefits” other beings, including germs that are detrimental to human health. Wuhan is a major hub on the countrywide socio-ecological network owing to its central location in China. As shown in the figure, it had the highest number of infection cases). Note Data used in the mapping are downloaded on March 22, 2020, from the following sources: https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/JIISNB (high-speed railway system); https://download.geofabrik.de/asia/china.html(traditional railway system); andhttp://fms.news.cn/swf/2020_sjxw/2_1_xgyq/index.html?v=0.26920261822014924 (the infection cases)