Table 4.3.

Clinical Chemistry Reference Ranges for Adult Rats^a

Analyte	Units	Sprague-Dawleyb		Fisher 344d
		M	F	M	F
SERUM
Glucose	mg/dl	115 ± 16.9	111 ± 17.2	115 ± 12.5c
Urea nitrogen	mg/dl	19 ± 2.2	21 ± 3.4	15 ± 2.5c
Creatinine	mg/dl	0.70 ± 0.11	0.70 ± 0.13
Sodium	mEq/l	150 ± 3.4	148 ± 3.5	149 ± 3.0c
Potassium	mEq/l	7.00 ± 0.65	6.1 ± 0.67	4.80 ± 0.35c
Chloride	mEq/l	103.0 ± 1.90	104.0 ± 2.4	106 ± 3.0c
Calcium	mg/dl	12.0 ± 0.94	12.1 ± 0.71	10.5 ± 0.50c
Phosphorus	mg/dl	7.30 ± 1.5	5.80 ± 1.10
Magnesium		3.12 ± 0.41e	2.60 ± 0.21e
Iron	μg/dl	152 ± 70	220 ± 130
			(19–21 weeks)
Total iron-binding capacity	μg/dl	368c
Alanine aminotransferase	IU/l	49 ± 24.1	69 ± 44.9	78 ± 11	49 ± 8
Aspartate aminotransferase	IU/l	95 ± 31.7	99 ± 54.5
Alkaline phosphatase	IU/l	130 ± 43.7	117 ± 41.7	49.5 ± 9.25c
Lactate dehydrogenase	IU/l	275 ± 112		650 ± 75	650 ± 75
					(20 weeks)
Sorbitol dehydrogenase	IU/l	20 ± 5c		20.0 ± 7.5c
		(32 weeks)
γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase	IU/l	2.5 ± 1.25c
Creatinine kinase	IU/l	275 ± 112.5c		400 ± 50c
Protein, total	g/l	70 ± 5.0	75 ± 5	70.5 ± 4.75c
Albumin	g/l	34 ± 2.0	40 ± 2.5	42.5 ± 3.75c
Cholesterol	mg/dl	119 ± 51.3	119 ± 29.0	96.5 ± 14.25	130 ± 10.0
Triglycerides	mg/dl	266 ± 121.4	249 ± 159.7	122 ± 21.25	62.5 ± 11.25
Bilirubin	mg/dl	0.3 ± 0.16	0.4 ± 0.27	0.3 ± 0.1c
Bile acids	μmol/l	40 ± 10c		30 ± 10c
		(20 weeks)
Uric acid	mg/dl	1.52 ± 0.30	1.25 ± 0.36
URINE
Volume	ml/16 h			9.5 ± 4.0	9.3 ± 5.6
	ml/22 h	15.7 ± 6.7	11.0 ± 5.0
Specific gravity				1.022 ± 0.007	1.017 ± 0.007
Osmolality	mOsm/kg	943 ± 327	995 ± 367
pH		7.8 ± 0.5	7.7 ± 0.5	6.0–6.5c
Chloride	mmol/l	148 ± 36	151 ± 51
Sodium	mmol/l	31 ± 11	50 ± 22
Potassium	mmol/l	121 ± 31	110 ± 45
Phosphorus	mg/dl	142 ± 34	156 ± 62
Creatinine	mg/dl	136 ± 40	116 ± 41	80 ± 28	54 ± 25
Glucose	mg/dl			9.9 ± 3.9	5.5 ± 2.3
Protein	mg/dl			98.8 ± 54.4	11.2 ± 5.5
Alkaline phosphatase	IU/l			152 ± 61	73 ± 37
Lactate dehydrogenase	IU/l			28 ± 15	16 ± 8
N-Acetyl-β-glucosaminidase	IU/l			12.2 ± 7.8	5.9 ± 2.7
Aspartate aminotransferase				14.4 ± 6.5	3.6 ± 2.5
γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase	IU/l			4964 ± 780	1873 ± 215
Insulin clearance	μl/min/100 g	857 ± 178
Glomerular filtration rate	μl/min	275 ± 33c
Urine flow	μl/min/100 g	5.2 ± 2.0

^aValues are for 12-month-old animals, unless noted otherwise, as summarized from Loeb and Quimby (1999).

^b6–18 months old.

^cGender not specified.

^d58–l 12 weeks old.

^eWistar strain.