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. 2020 Apr 15;2020(4):CD011621. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011621.pub4

Summary of findings 16. Teaching: video‐based learning versus traditional lecture.

Video‐based learning compared to traditional lecture for preventing highly infectious diseases due to exposure to contaminated body fluids in healthcare workers
Patient or population: healthcare workers
Setting: simulation studies
Intervention: video‐based learning
Comparison: traditional lecture
Outcomes Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) Relative effect
(95% CI) Number of participants
(studies) Certainty of the evidence
(GRADE) Comments
Risk with traditional lecture Risk with video‐based learning
Skills in PPE donning
Assessed with assessment scale.
Scale from: 0% to 100%; higher is better The mean skills in PPE donning was 47.4% MD 30.7% higher
(20.14 higher to 41.26 higher) 26
(1 RCT) ⊕⊝⊝⊝
Very low1,2,3  
*The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI).

CI: confidence interval; MD: mean difference; PPE: personal protective equipment; RCT: randomised controlled trial
GRADE Working Group grades of evidence
High certainty: we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect.
Moderate certainty: we are moderately confident in the effect estimate; the true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different.
Low certainty: our confidence in the effect estimate is limited; the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect.
Very low certainty: we have very little confidence in the effect estimate; the true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect.

1The randomisation and allocation procedures were unclear and so we downgraded by one level because of study limitations.
2This is a simulation study so we downgraded by one level because of indirectness.
3One study with only 26 participants and so we downgraded by one level because of imprecision.