Table 1.

Overview of the diagnosis and treatment of common community acquired respiratory viral infections in solid organ transplant recipients

Virus	Diagnostic test (s)	Treatment (s)
Respiratory syncytial virus	Antigen detection	Upper respiratory tract & no risk factors:
	Nucleic acid detection	Supportive care
	Viral culture	Upper respiratory tract & risk factors or
	Shell vial culture	Lower respiratory tract:
		Aerosolized ribavirin in combination with RSV IVIG or pavilizumab should be considered (BIII)
Influenza	Viral culture	Influenza A infection:
	Shell vial culture	amantadine, rimantadine, zanamivi
	Antigen detection	and oseltamivir (BIII)
		Influenza B infection:  zanamivir and oseltamivir (BIII)
		Consider addition of aerosolized ribavirin for severe lower respiratory tract disease (CIII)
Parainfluenza	Viral culture	Upper respiratory tract infection:
	Shell vial culture	Supportive care
	Antigen detection	Lower respiratory tract infection:
	Nucleic acid detection	Supportive care
		Consider aerosolized ribavirin (CIII) as no other options but experience to date provides little evidence for likely efficacy