Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics stratified by LTPA
| Physically inactive | Moderately active | Active | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 482 | 833 | 297 | |
| Sex (men %) | 50.2 | 41.1 | 46.1 | 0.005 |
| Age (years) | 36.9 ± 12.3 | 37.2 ± 11.7 | 36.7 ± 11.8 | 0.755 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 18.6 ± 11.8 | 19.1 ± 11.6 | 19.1 ± 11.7 | 0.722 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.4 ± 3.8 | 25.1 ± 3.5 | 25.0 ± 3.1 | 0.145 |
| WHR men | 0.91 ± 0.07 | 0.90 ± 0.07 | 0.89 ± 0.06 | 0.013 |
| WHR women | 0.83 ± 0.06 | 0.81 ± 0.06 | 0.81 ± 0.07 | 0.021 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 132 ± 16 | 131 ± 16 | 131 ± 16 | 0.766 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 79 ± 10 | 79 ± 9 | 78 ± 9 | 0.850 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.4 ± 1.4 | 8.1 ± 1.3 | 8.2 ± 1.4 | 0.001 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 68 ± 15 | 65 ± 15 | 66 ± 16 | 0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.80 ± 0.83 | 4.78 ± 0.86 | 4.75 ± 0.89 | 0.766 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.42 ± 0.40 | 1.49 ± 0.39 | 1.47 ± 0.42 | 0.014 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 2.86 ± 0.76 | 2.83 ± 0.78 | 2.78 ± 0.79 | 0.463 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.02 (0.76–1.46) | 0.92 (0.71–1.26) | 0.93 (0.71–1.32) | 0.001 |
| AHT (%) | 25.3 | 20.8 | 22.6 | 0.173 |
| Beta-blockers (%) | 6.3 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 0.529 |
| Ever-smokers (%) | 51.4 | 39.7 | 37.8 | < 0.001 |
Data are mean ± SD, median (IQR) or percentages
p values denote comparisons over three groups
WHR Waist-to-hip ratio; AHT antihypertensive medication; SBP systolic blood pressure; DBP diastolic blood pressure; LTPA leisure-time physical activity