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. 2020 Apr 9;11:595. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00595

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Copyright © 2020 Itabashi, Miyazawa, Sekizawa, Tokita, Saito, Moriuchi, Nerome, Uchimaru and Watanabe.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Selection of feeding methods. Due to the well-established evidence, ExFF should be the first choice for postnatal prevention of MTCT. If a carrier mother strongly desires to breastfeed, STBF during 3 months or less would be better to be selected. Health care providers should support her to avoid longer-term breastfeeding because prolonged periods may increase the risk of MTCT. There are few studies on the effects of FTBMF compared to ExFF. For preterm low birth weight infants, FTBMF using own mother’s milk during tube feeding would be better to be selected in consideration of reducing the risk of severe infections and necrotizing enterocolitis. Currently, the breast milk banking system is not available in Japan, but banked human milk is the best choice when it becomes available. ExFF, exclusive formula feeding; STBF, short-term breastfeeding; MTCT, mother-to-child transmission; FTBMF, frozen-thawed breastmilk feeding (Itabashi, 2016).