TABLE 2.
Comparison of mother-to-child transmission rates by exclusive formula feeding, short-term breastfeeding (≤3 months) and longer-term breastfeeding.
| Author, year | Study area | Study period | Exclusive formula feeding | Short-term breastfeeding (≤3 months) | Longer-term breastfeeding | Study Design | ||
| Seroconversion n/N (%) | Inclusion | Seroconversion n/N (%) | Inclusion | Seroconversion n/N (%) | ||||
| Ureta-Vidal et al., 1999 | French Guyana | 1989-NA | 0/23(0%) | ≤3 months | 1/12 (8.3%) | >3 months | 18/168(10.7%) | Retrospective |
| Hirata et al., 1992 | Ishigaki island, Okinawa, Japan | 1989–1991 | 10/78(12.8%) | ≤3 months | 2/39 (5.1%) | >3 months | 16/58(21.6%) | Retrospective |
| Kashiwagi et al., 2004 | Okinawa, Japan | 1995–1999 | 1/31(3.2%) | ≤3 months | 1/25 (4.0%) | >3 months | 1/20(5%) | Prospective |
| Takezaki, 2009 | Kagoshima, Japan | 1986–2006 | 16/331(4.8%) | ≤3 months | 2/126 (1.6%) | >3 months | 9/46(19.6%) | Retrospective |
| Moriuchi et al., 2017 | Nagasaki, Japan | 2011–2017 | 4/91(4.4%) | ≤3 months | 3/35 (8.5%) | >3 months | 6/21(28.6%) | Retrospective |
NA: not applicable.