Table 1.
Performance of controlled attenuation parameter in studies using histology as reference
| Study (year) | N | Target | Cutoff (dB/m) | Sn (%) | Sp (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sasso et al. [19] (2012) | 615 CHC patients | S1–S3 (S1 11–33% steatosis) | 222 | 43 | 93 | 71 | 79 |
| S2–S3 | 233 | 26 | 99 | 77 | 90 | ||
| S3 | 290 | 78 | 93 | 15 | 100 | ||
| de Lédinghen et al. [20] (2012) | 112 patients | S1–S3 (S1 11–33% steatosis) | 263 | 71 | 93 | 81 | 74 |
| ALD: 6; NAFLD: 28; CHC: 40; miscellaneous: 38 | S2–S3 | 311 | 57 | 94 | 81 | 83 | |
| S3 | 318 | 87 | 91 | 65 | 97 | ||
| Myers et al. [17] (2012) | 153 patients | S1–S3 (S1 5–33% steatosis) | 289 | 68 | 88 | 94 | 49 |
| Viral hepatitis: 67; NAFLD: 72; other: 14 | S2–S3 | 288 | 85 | 62 | 55 | 88 | |
| S3 | 283 | 94 | 47 | 17 | 98 | ||
| Chan et al. [21] (2014) | 238 patients | S1–S3 (S1 5–33% steatosis) | 263 | 92 | 94 | 96 | 88 |
| CHB: 133; NAFLD: 93; other: 12 | S2–S3 | 281 | 89 | 74 | 70 | 91 | |
| S3 | 283 | 93 | 54 | 16 | 99 | ||
| Shen et al. [22] (2014) | 152 patients | S1–S3 (S1 5–33% steatosis) | 253 | 89 | 83 | 88 | 84 |
| CHB: 100; NAFLD: 52 | S2–S3 | 285 | 93 | 83 | 70 | 97 | |
| S3 | 310 | 92 | 79 | 29 | 99 | ||
| Chon et al. [23] (2014) | 135 CLD patients | S1–S3 (S1 5–33% steatosis) | 250 | 73 | 95 | 97 | 62 |
| S2–S3 | 299 | 82 | 86 | 67 | 94 | ||
| S3 | 327 | 78 | 84 | 26 | 98 | ||
| Mi et al. [24] (2015) | 340 CHB patients | S1–S3 (S1 5–33% steatosis) | 224 | 76 | 75 | 68 | 80 |
| S2–S3 | 236 | 92 | 70 | 21 | 99 | ||
| S3 | 285 | 1 | 93 | 23 | 1 | ||
| Imajo et al. [25] (2016) | 127 NAFLD patients | S1–S3 (S1 5–33% steatosis) | 236 | 82 | 91 | 99 | 67 |
| S2–S3 | 270 | 78 | 81 | 73 | 76 | ||
| S3 | 302 | 64 | 74 | 76 | 94 | ||
| de Lédinghen et al. [26] (2016) | 261 NAFLD patients | S1–S3 (S1 5–33% steatosis) | - | - | - | - | - |
| S2–S3 | 310 | 79 | 71 | 86 | 59 | ||
| S3 | 311 | 87 | 47 | 43 | 88 | ||
| Park et al. [27] (2017) | 104 NAFLD patients | S1–S3 (S1 5–33% steatosis) | 261 | 72 | 86 | 98 | 23 |
| S2–S3 | 305 | 63 | 69 | 56 | 75 | ||
| S3 | 312 | 64 | 70 | 26 | 92 | ||
| Chan et al. [28] (2018) | 180 CLD patients | S1–S3 (S1 5–33% steatosis) | 253 | 93 | 71 | 97 | 50 |
| S2–S3 | 294 | 85 | 59 | 77 | 70 | ||
| S3 | 294 | 88 | 36 | 24 | 93 | ||
| Garg et al. [29] (2018) | 124 NAFLD patients | S1–S3 (S1 5–33% steatosis) | 323 | 59 | 83 | 97 | 15 |
| S2–S3 | 336 | 74 | 76 | 57 | 87 | ||
| S3 | 357 | 100 | 78 | 20 | 1 | ||
| Siddiqui et al. [30] (2019) | 393 NAFLD patients | S1–S3 (S1 5–33% steatosis) | 285 | 80 | 77 | 99 | 16 |
| S2–S3 | 311 | 77 | 57 | 70 | 66 | ||
| S3 | 306 | 80 | 40 | 32 | 85 | ||
| Eddowes et al. [31] (2019) | 415 NAFLD patients | S1–S3 (S1 5–33% steatosis) | 302 | 80 | 83 | 97 | 37 |
| S2–S3 | 331 | 70 | 76 | 84 | 58 | ||
| S3 | 337 | 72 | 63 | 52 | 80 |
Steatosis was graded as the percentage of hepatocytes with fat: S0 ≤5% or 10%, S1: 5%-33% or 11-33%, S2: 34-66%, S3 ≥67%.
Sn, sensitivity; Sp, specificity; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; CHC, chronic hepatitis C; ALD, alcoholic liver disease; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; CHB, chronic hepatitis B; CLD, chronic liver disease.