TABLE 2.
Absolute values of velocity attained during maximal exercise tests before/after surgery, during training (T) and sedentary (S) protocols and performance gain at eight experimental weeks in rats submitted to sinoaortic denervation (SAD) or sham surgery (SHAM). Hemodynamic parameters, baroreflex sensitivity, pressure and HR variabilities and respective spectral components at the end of protocols are also shown.
| SHAM-S | SHAM-T | SAD-S | SAD-T | |
| Treadmill performance | (n = 14) | (n = 14) | (n = 14) | (n = 14) |
| Before surgery (km/h) | 1.19±0.06 | 1.18±0.07 | 1.20±0.05 | 1.1±80.05 |
| Surgery effect (km/h) | −0.15±0.04 | −0.11±0.04 | −0.28±0.06δ | −0.25±0.05δ |
| Week 0 (km/h) | 1.05±0.08 | 1.08±0.08 | 0.92±0.08 | 0.92±0.05 |
| Week 4 (km/h) | 0.86±0.10 | 1.37±0.07#† | 0.72±0.07# | 1.24±0.07#† |
| Week 8 (km/h) | 0.96±0.11 | 1.59±0.08#† | 0.71±0.07# | 1.36±0.07#† |
| Gain (w8–w0) (km/h) | −0.09±0.12 | + 0.54±0.07δ† | −0.21±0.12δ | + 0.44±0.05δ† |
| Hemodynamic parameters | (n = 10) | (n = 10) | (n = 9) | (n = 9) |
| MAP (mmHg) | 122±3 | 118±2 | 131±3* | 135±3* |
| HR (b/min) | 378±10 | 328±8° | 364±9 | 407±15*† |
| Baroreflex indexes | (n = 10) | (n = 10) | (n = 9) | (n = 9) |
| Bradycardia (bpm/mmHg) | 1.77±0.14 | 2.56±0.23° | 0.33±0.10* | 0.21±0.06* |
| Tachycardia (bpm/mmHg) | 2.68±0.18 | 3.59±0.22° | 0.48±0.09* | 0.31±0.07* |
| Power Spectral Analysis | (n = 10) | (n = 10) | (n = 9) | (n = 9) |
| SAP var. (mmHg2) | 33.3±7.2 | 14.9±1.7 | 99.02±3.5* | 64.81±9.3* |
| LF-SAP (mmHg2) | 7.1±0.7 | 4.9±0.5 | 7.7±1.1 | 6.3±1.1 |
| VLF-SAP (mmHg2) | 9.1±2.3 | 4.6±0.7 | 26.1±9.0* | 18.9±3.2* |
| PI var. (ms2) | 54.2±6.0 | 61.5±6.4 | 29.1±7.6* | 37.1±7.6 |
| LF-PI (nu) | 44.9±3.3 | 29.1±2.0 | 55.1±8.9 | 40.3±6.0 |
| HF-PI (nu) | 52.2±3.5 | 69.5±2.0 | 47.1±8.9 | 53.1±6.4 |
| LF/HF ratio | 0.87±0.12 | 0.43±0.04° | 1.68±0.32* | 0.82±0.21 |
Values are means ± SEM. Gain represents the difference in treadmill performance between experimental weeks 0 and 8. Treadmill performance (ANOVA with repeated measurements): group F(2,52) = 2.06; P = 0.132; condition F(2,52) = 17.34, P < 0.001, interaction F(2,52) = 0.19, P = 0.828. Hemodynamic parameters, baroreflex indexes and power spectral parameters (Factorial two-way ANOVA): MAP: group F(1,34) = 21.89, P < 0.001, condition F(1,34) = 0.03, P = 0.859; interaction F(1,34) = 1.79, P = 0.189; HR: group F(1,34) = 8.06, P = 0.007, condition F(1,34) = 0.12, P = 0.730; interaction F(1,34) = 16.42, P < 0.001; Reflex bradycardia: group F(1,34) = 161.5, P < 0.001, condition F(1,34) = 5.05 P = 0.031 interaction F(1,34) = 9.31 P = 0.004; Reflex tachycardia: group F(1,34) = 265.2, P < 0.001, condition F(1,34) = 4.84, P = 0.034; interaction F(1,34) = 10.30, P = 0.003. SAP variability: group F(1,34) = 15.98, P < 0.001, condition F(1,34) = 3.29, P = 0.078; interaction F(1,34) = 0.30, P = 0.588; LF-SAP: group F(1,34) = 1.39, P = 0.247, condition F(1,34) = 4.76, P = 0.036; interaction F(1,34) = 0.26, P = 0.616; VLF-SAP: group F(1,34) = 17.95, P < 0.001, condition F(1,34) = 2.54, P = 0.121; interaction F(1,34) = 0.13, P = 0.718; PI variability: group F(1,34) = 12.70, P = 0.001, condition F(1,34) = 1.20, P = 0.283; interaction F(1,34) = 0.01, P = 0.965; LF-PI: group F(1,34) = 3.51, P = 0.069, condition F(1,34) = 7.18, P = 0.011; interaction F(1,34) = 0.01, P = 0.924; HF-PI: group F(1,34) = 3.28, P = 0.078, condition F(1,34) = 4.61, P = 0.039; interaction F(1,34) = 0.14, P = 0.711; LF/HF: group F(1,34) = 5.65, P = 0.023, condition F(1,34) = 6.63, P = 0.014; interaction F(1,34) = 0.69, P = 0.411; Significant differences (P < 0.05) are # vs. week 0, * vs. Sham, ° vs. Sedentary, δ means a change different from zero.