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. 2020 Apr 9;11:266. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00266

FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 4

Effect of CS treatment with small molecule inhibitors on pulmonary function. In CHOP (A) or Ang2 (B) siRNA with/without CS treated groups, CS treatment alone was the most compliant (p < 0.001 at 60 through 240 min for CHOP siRNA; p = 0.02 at 180 and 240 min for Ang2 siRNA). In the Ang2 group, treatment with a combination of Ang2 siRNA + CS resulted in decreased lung compliance (p = 0.07) (B), while in the CHOP group, treatment with CHOP siRNA + CS resulted in increased lung compliance than treatment with CHOP siRNA alone (p = 0.05) (A). miR34a Inh showed the best compliance with no significant difference in all the three groups (CS with ventilation, miR34a Inh with ventilation and miR34a Inh + CS with ventilation) studied (C). In the CHOP group, no difference was observed at the different time points studied, except at 240 min when CS treatment alone showed better tidal volume than the rest of the groups (p = 0.03) (D). In the Ang2 group, CS alone was able to maintain the tidal volume better than when treated with a combination of Ang2 siRNA or Ang2 siRNA alone at a time point of 120 min through 240 min (p = 0.01) (E). The overall tidal volume through all time periods was significantly less (p = 0.005) with Ang2 siRNA treatment than when treated with CS alone (B). In the miR34a group, no statistical difference in the lung volume was noted at all time points starting from 30 min through 240 min of ventilation (F). CS: Curosurf® (surfactant); Ang2: Angiopoietin 2; si: silencing; min: minutes; CHOP: CCAAT enhancer-binding protein, i.e., C/EBP homologous protein, also known as growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible gene 153/GADD153 or Ddit3; miR: microRNA; Inh: inhibitor.