Table. Patient Characteristics and Outcomesa.
| Characteristic or Outcome | Usual Care | First Use of Decision Aidb | Fifth Use of Decision Aid | P Valuec |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 85.1 (7.5) | 81.5 (10.5) | 92.8 (2.7) | .03 |
| Educational level of high school or greater, No./total No. (%) | 19/25 (76.0) | 4/4 (100) | 4/5 (80) | .40 |
| Previsit knowledge, mean (SD), % | 32.0 (23.4) | 18.8 (23.9) | 30.0 (44.7) | .90 |
| Postvisit knowledge, mean (SD), % | 62.0 (17.9) | 75.0 (35.4) | 80.0 (20.9) | .04 |
| Shared decision-making, mean (SD) | 17.9 (7.6) | 60.5 (30.9) | 79.0 (8.4) | <.001 |
| Patient satisfaction, mean (SD), % | 93.9 (13.6) | 100 (0) | 100 (0) | .01 |
| Decisional conflict, mean (SD), % | 96.0 (9.4) | 93.8 (12.5) | 95.0 (11.2) | .60 |
a
A formal, validated measure assessed shared decision-making via independent coder review of audiorecordings (Observer OPTION5 scale). Clinician semistructured interviews were performed for each point. The postvisit questionnaire used the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems survey for patient satisfaction7 and SURE (Sure of myself; Understand information; Risk-benefit ratio; Encouragement), a validated test for decisional conflict.8 Less decisional conflict indicated that patients’ choices aligned with their values.
b
One missing survey.
c
Computed from paired t tests of continuous variables and Fisher exact tests of categorical variables; comparisons were made only between usual care and fifth use of decision aid.