Table 1.

Overview over the experimental results of knee angle for normal walking.

Study	Subjects (mean height ± SD (m), mean weight ± SD (kg))	Speed (m/s)	A (°)	B (°)	C (°)	D (°)	C-A (°)	ROM (°)
Collins et al. [125]	9 (1.84 ± 0.10, 77.4 ± 9.2)	1.25	12	3	61	-5	49	66
Zheng [21]	1 (1.78, 70)	1.2	22	10	66	6	44	60
Wang [126], Lee et al. [17]	1 (1.69, 63.5)	1.5	7	3	53	-2	46	55
Mooney and Herr [22]	6 (1.83 ± 0.06, 89 ± 8)	1.4	28	5	78	4	50	74
Shamaei et al. [3, 127]	3 (1.76 ± 0.75, 68.6 ± 2.2)	1.25	26	15	69	6	43	63
Blazkiewicz [128]	1 (1.85, 80)	—	10	-2	53	0	43	55
Sridar et al. [34]	3 (1.70 ± 0.05, 74.7 ± 8.4)	1.0	22	11	62	2	40	60
Knaepen et al. [129]	10 (1.82 ± 0.10, 77.5 ± 11.7)	0.69	14	8	62	8	48	54
Shirota et al. [130]	4 (1.80 ± 0.08, 74 ± 6.8)	1.24	13	5	65	1	52	64
Gordon et al. [131]	3 (1.80 ± 0.01, 96 ± 9)	1.0	6	0	55	16	49	55
Ding et al. [132]	8 (1.76 ± 0.06, 78.5 ± 9.9)	1.25	24	7	75	0	51	75
Winter [133], Li et al. [134]	1 (—, 58)	1.3	16	5	67	-2	51	69
Beyl et al. [135]	—	—	22	8	64	1	42	63
Baliunas et al. [136]	15 (1.68 ± 0.12, 74 ± 16)	0.98	17	3	60	-2	43	62
Yang et al. [137]	1 (1.75, 70)	1.0	14	3	56	6	42	53

A: first peak knee flexion angle; B: first peak knee extension angle; C: second peak knee flexion angle; D: second peak knee extension angle.