Table 13.
Overview over the biomechanical effects of ACL and meniscus injury.
| Study | Knee disorders | Analysis | Effects |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zhao et al. [90] | ACL | Kinematics | A lower knee ROM during stair climbing for ACL-injured patients |
|
| |||
| Gronstrom et al. [92] | ACL | Kinematics | A greater knee adduction angle during weight-bearing activities for ACL-injured patients |
|
| |||
| Gao and Zheng[93] | ACL | Kinematics | A slower speed and smaller stride length during walking for ACL-injured patients |
|
| |||
| Alexander and Schwameder[94] | ACL | Kinetics | A 430% and 475% increase in the patella-femur contact force during upslope and downslope, respectively, for ACL-injured patients. |
|
| |||
| Goerger et al. [95] | ACL | Kinetics | A greater peak knee adduction moment during weight-bearing activities for ACL-injured patients |
|
| |||
| Slater et al. [91] | ACL | Kinematics | A smaller peak knee flexion angle and a greater peak knee adduction angle during walking for ACL-injured patients |
| Kinetics | A smaller peak E-KFM and E-KAM for ACL-injured patients | ||
|
| |||
| Thomas et al. [96] | ACL | Kinetics | No difference in the E-KAM among individuals with ACL injury and those who are healthy |
|
| |||
| Norcross et al. [85] | ACL | Kinetics | A greater knee energy adsorption for ACL-injured patients |
|
| |||
| Magyar et al. [87] | Meniscus injury | Kinematics | A smaller walking speed and knee ROM and a larger cadence, step length, duration of support, and double support phase for meniscus injured patients |
|
| |||
| Zhou [86] | Meniscus injury | Kinematics | A larger minimum flexion angle and a smaller maximum internal-external rotation angle for meniscus-injured patients |
| Kinetics | A larger knee pressure and a smaller knee stressed area for meniscus-injured patients | ||