Table 12-3.
Representative results of cytology of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of cattle, sheep, pigs, and horses
| Species | Disease status | Volume infused (mL) | Total nucleated cell count (cells × 109/L) | Neutrophil (%) | Macrophages (%) | Lymphocytes (%) | Eosinophils (mast cells) (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weaner pigs | Normal | 15–30 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 2.0 ± 1.2 | 95.6 ± 2.7 | 1.7 ± 1.2 | NR |
| Weaner pigs | Respiratory disease | 15–30 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 7.0 ± 4.2 | 87.9 ± 5.9 | 3.7 ± 2.0 | NR |
| Adult sheep | Normal, pastured | 30 | NR | 6.9 ± 5.8 | 81.1 ± 15.3 | 10.8 ± 15.8 | 1.2 ± 2.7 |
| Adult sheep | Normal, housed | 30 | NR | 21.8 ± 23.4 | 57.6 ± 19.6 | 16.1 ± 12.6 | 4.5 ± 9.5 |
| Adult sheep | Respiratory disease | 30 | NR | 26.8 ± 16.8 | 55.4 ± 20.9 | 11.6 ± 11.1 | 6.2 ± 8.6 |
| Calves (2–3 months old) | Normal | 240 | NR | 12 ± 10 | 86 ± 10 | 2 ± 1 | 0 |
| Calves (2–3 months old) | Parasitic (Dictyocaulus viviparus) pneumonia | 240 | NR | 20 ± 20 | 20 ± 10 | 2 ± 1 | 70 ± 10 |
| Cattle (6–10 months old) | Healthy | 180–240 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | < 5 | 80–85 | 10 | NR |
| Calves (2 months old) | Healthy | 180 | NR | 9.1 ± 11.6 | 90.7 ± 11.6 | NR | NR |
| (all but one < 12) | |||||||
| Horses (yearling) | Healthy, at pasture | 300 | 85 ± 10.2 cells/µL | 3.6 ± 0.8 | 39.5 ± 2.6 | 42.8 ± 2.4 | 0.8 ± 0.4 |
| (mast cells 8.3 ± 1.7) | |||||||
| Horses (yearling) | Healthy, stabled | 300 | 74.5 ± 7.8 cells/µL | 13.2 ± 3.0 | 40.1 ± 2.7 | 39.1 ± 2.3 | 0.6 ± 0.2 |
| (mast cells 4.1 ± 1.3) | |||||||
| Horses (adults) | Healthy | 300 | 182 ± 035 | 8.9 ± 1.2 | 45 ± 2.8 | 43 ± 2.7 | < 1 |
| Standardbred racehorses | Healthy | 300 | 153.2 ± 17.1 | 3.8 ± 0.3 | 64.8 ± 4.6 | 28.3 ± 2.9 | 1.2 ± 0.8 |
| (mast cells 0.3) | |||||||
| Standardbred racehorses | Inflammatory airway disease | 300 | 366 ± 16.8 cells/µL | 10.4 ± 1.1 | 48.4 ± 1.9 | 36.0 ± 1.9 | 3.8 ± 1.5 |
| (mast cells 1.8 ± 1.5) | |||||||
| Adult horses | Heaves | 300 | 860 ± 324 cells/µL | 60.3 ± 12.4 | 14.6 ± 4.8 | 22.7 ± 10.1 | (mast cells 0.8 ± 0.6) |
| Adult horses | Remission from heaves (at pasture) | 300 | 85 ± 15 cells/µL | 17.7 ± 5.4 | 38.9 ± 9.1 | 42.4 ± 8.9 | 3.0 ± 0.8 |
| Adult horses* | Mild heaves | 250 | 253 (80–414) | 17 (7–67) | 28 (10–47) | 43 (19–71) | 0 (0–1) |
| 1 (0–3) | |||||||
| Adult horses* | Moderate heaves | 250 | 255 (117–3564) | 17 (12–92) | 19 (3–33) | 43 (6–60) | 1 (0–32) |
| 1 (0–4) | |||||||
| Adult horses* | Severe heaves | 250 | 286 (98–913) | 25 (9–85) | 34 (6–49) | 31 (7–68) | 0 (0–1) |
| 1 (0–1) |
Values are mean ± SD or median and range (*); NR, not reported. See Radostits et al. Veterinary Medicine 10th edition. 2006. Page 488. Table 10-3 for references.