TABLE 33.7.

Prognostic Factors for Peripheral Nodal Lymphoma in Dogs

Factor	Strong Association	Modest Association Requiring Further Investigation	Comments	References
Histopathology/Subclassification	X		High/intermediate-grade: unfavorable Indolent/low-grade: favorable	29,90,96,98–102,107–113,116–119
Immunophenotype	X		T cell phenotype: unfavorable (except TZL) Low MHC II expression: unfavorable	68,69,112,113,116,277,365,379,391
WHO clinical stage		X	Stage I/II: favorable Stage V with significant bone marrow involvement: unfavorable	248,273,379,387
WHO clinical substage	X		Substage b (clinically ill): unfavorable	68,112,116,235,379,387
Sex		X	Females/neutered females: unfavorable	235,237
Genetic/gene expression analysis	X		Some signatures highly predictive of outcome	14,20,29,378,384,385
Anatomic location	X		Leukemia, diffuse cutaneous and alimentary, hepatosplenic forms: unfavorable	See text for extra nodal sites
Peripheral blood counts at presentation Anemia Neutrophilia Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio Thrombocytopenia Lymphocyte/monocyte ratio	X	X X X X	Unfavorable Unfavorable Low: unfavorable Unfavorable Low: unfavorable	277,375,376,379,386,390 376 379 375 382
Molecular assessment of minimal residual disease (e.g., PCR, flow)		X	Likely to become more important when “curative” therapeutic approaches are developed and instituted	123,217,287–290,293,393,416
Measures of proliferation		X	Contradictory reports exist	123,177,380,388,389
Steroid pretreatment	X		Prolonged steroid pretreatment: unfavorable	276,278
Cranial mediastinal lymphadenopathy	X		Present: unfavorable	122
Chemotherapy-induced hematologic toxicity		X	Grade III or IV chemotherapy-induced neutropenias: favorable	381,392
Geographic location		X	Mixed	383