Table 3.
Examples of genetic manipulation in cell line engineering for vaccine manufacture
| Cell origin | Cell line name | Type of vaccines | Genetic manipulation in cell line engineering | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AGE1.CR® | AGE1.CR.pIX | Propagation of attenuated MVA | Stable expression of the structural gene pIX from human adenovirus to increase the titers | [105] |
| Propagation of other viruses has also been demonstrated | of poxvirus in AGE1® cell lines | |||
| MDCK (Canine kidney cells) | MDCK shIRF7 | Recombinant attenuated vaccine for seasonal flu | Stable down‐regulation of interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), for increased viral titers (seven fold) | [116] |
| MDCK (Canine kidney cells) | MDCK siat7e | Recombinant attenuated vaccine for seasonal flu | Stable expression of siat7 to overcome anchorage dependency of MDCK cell line, also leading to increased titers (20‐fold). | [114] |
| HEK 293 (Human embryonic kidney cells) | 293‐SCARB2 | Wild type inactivated vaccine for hand‐foot‐mouth disease (HFMD) | Over‐expression of human scavenger receptor class B, member 2 (SCARB2) to increase human enterovirus type 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A group type 16 (CA16) titers (100‐ to 1000‐fold for 293 and RD and 10‐fold for Vero) | [117] |
| RD (Human rhabdomyosarcoma cells) | RD‐SCARB2 | |||
| Vero (Green monkey kidney cells) | Vero‐SCARB2 | |||
| 293 GP (Human embryonic kidney cells) | 293 GP siCD81 | RetroVLPs for foreign antigen display | Stable knock‐down of CD81 for the production of CD81‐free retroVLPs | [42] |