Table 1. Summary statistics and internal consistency for the cross-cultural adaptation of the 4 Habit Coding Scheme into French (n = 200).
| Habit [range]–Item | Mean score (SD) | Ceiling effect, n (%) | Floor effect, n (%) | Average inter-item correlation | Item-total correlation | Item-rest correlation* | Cronbach Alpha† | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Invest in the beginning [6–30] | 18.77 | (2.80) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0.48 | - | - | 0.80 |
| 1. Show familiarity | 3.09 | (0.18) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0.43 | 0.55 | 0.50 | 0.81 |
| 2. Greet warmly | 3.18 | (0.27) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0.48 | 0.64 | 0.57 | 0.79 |
| 3. Engage in small talk | 2.66 | (0.89) | 6 | (3.0) | 4 | (2.0) | 0.46 | 0.79 | 0.62 | 0.76 |
| 4. Question style | 3.25 | (0.74) | 2 | (1.0) | 0 | (0) | 0.52 | 0.84 | 0.72 | 0.73 |
| 5. Expansion of concerns | 3.51 | (0.70) | 0 | (0) | 4 | (2.0) | 0.50 | 0.82 | 0.70 | 0.73 |
| 6. Elicit full agenda | 3.07 | (0.81) | 3 | (1.5) | 1 | (0.5) | 0.47 | 0.77 | 0.60 | 0.76 |
| 2. Elicit the patient’s perspective [3–15] | 10.01 | (2.06) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0.48 | - | - | 0.72 |
| 7. Patient’s understanding | 3.70 | (0.78) | 0 | (0) | 4 | (2.0) | 0.48 | 0.79 | 0.55 | 0.62 |
| 8. Goals for visit | 2.81 | (0.79) | 6 | (3.0) | 0 | (0) | 0.51 | 0.82 | 0.60 | 0.57 |
| 9. Impact on life | 3.49 | (0.98) | 2 | (1.0) | 14 | (7.0) | 0.43 | 0.81 | 0.49 | 0.72 |
| 3. Demonstrate empathy [4–20] | 13.75 | (2.95) | 0 | (0) | 3 | (1.5) | 0.52 | - | - | 0.87 |
| 10. Encourage emotional expression | 3.33 | (0.90) | 1 | (0.5) | 9 | (4.5) | 0.61 | 0.90 | 0.84 | 0.81 |
| 11. Accept feelings | 3.63 | (0.73) | 1 | (0.5) | 4 | (2.0) | 0.61 | 0.87 | 0.81 | 0.82 |
| 12. Identify feelings | 2.60 | (1.04) | 26 | (13.0) | 23 | (1.5) | 0.55 | 0.84 | 0.73 | 0.84 |
| 13. Show good nonverbal behavior | 4.19 | (0.71) | 0 | (0) | 42 | (20.5) | 0.53 | 0.76 | 0.66 | 0.84 |
| 4. Invest in the end [10–50] | 33.91 | (6.13) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0.46 | - | - | 0.88 |
| 14. Use patient’s frame of reference | 3.60 | (0.81) | 0 | (0) | 15 | (7.5) | 0.45 | 0.70 | 0.56 | 0.86 |
| 15. Allow time to absorb | 4.37 | (0.56) | 0 | (0) | 33 | (16.5) | 0.36 | 0.55 | 0.43 | 0.88 |
| 16. Give clear explanation | 4.24 | (0.76) | 0 | (0) | 63 | (31.5) | 0.12 | 0.29 | 0.15 | 0.90 |
| 17. Offer rationale for tests | 3.56 | (0.95) | 8 | (4.0) | 10 | (5.0) | 0.45 | 0.73 | 0.63 | 0.86 |
| 18. Test for comprehension | 3.33 | (0.96) | 8 | (4.0) | 4 | (2.0) | 0.59 | 0.89 | 0.84 | 0.84 |
| 19. Involve in decision | 3.01 | (0.83) | 7 | (3.5) | 2 | (1.0) | 0.57 | 0.86 | 0.81 | 0.84 |
| 20. Explore plan acceptability | 3.21 | (0.98) | 6 | (3.0) | 3 | (1.5) | 0.58 | 0.87 | 0.82 | 0.84 |
| 21. Explore barriers | 2.02 | (0.84) | 47 | (23.5) | 0 | (0) | 0.46 | 0.73 | 0.64 | 0.86 |
| 22. Encourage questions | 3.56 | (0.93) | 1 | (0.5) | 25 | (12.5) | 0.44 | 0.72 | 0.61 | 0.86 |
| 23. Plan for follow-up | 3.00 | (0.95) | 8 | (4.0) | 1 | (0.5) | 0.43 | 0.70 | 0.58 | 0.87 |
| Overall [23–115] | 76.44 | (12.34) | 0.42 | - | - | 0.94 | ||||
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation.
* Item-rest correlation was computed as the correlation between an item and the composite score that was formed by all other items in the habit.
† Item Cronbach alpha was computed for composite score that was formed by all other items in the habit.