Box 2 Figure.

Case 2: Decreasing hepatitis B virus (HBV) viral load, increasing CD4+ cell count, decreasing HIV viral load, and marked flare in alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALK Phos) that subsequently resolved during the months after starting antiretroviral therapy (ART). The patient had been started ART with efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and antibacterial treatment with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and azithromycin. For ART, efavirenz was stopped and raltegravir added to emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.