Table 2.

List of investigational drugs/vaccines to treat COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019)

Name	Organisation	Study phase	Current status	Reference
Remdesivir	Gilead Sciences	III	Initiated two phase III clinical studies. Randomised studies will enrol ∼1000 patients: (i) 400 patients with severe clinical manifestations of COVID-19; and (ii) 600 patients with moderate clinical manifestations of COVID-19	[24]
Kevzara® (sarilumab)	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and Sanofi	II/III	Assessing safety and efficacy in 400 hospitalised adult COVID-19 patients using the IL-6 receptor antagonist Kevzara® (sarilumab)	[25]
Lopinavir/ritonavir combination	AbbVie	I/II (?)	Clinical trial for use of the anti-HIV combination medication lopinavir/ritonavir to treat COVID-19 has been initiated	[26]
Antibody	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.	Preclinical/clinical (?)	Initiated development of a novel multi-antibody cocktail for COVID-19	[27]
Antibody (TJM2)	I-Mab Biopharma	Phase I completed	Completed phase I study; safety, tolerability and immunogenicity studies showed favourable results	[28]
Antibody	Medicago	Preclinical	Successfully formulated virus-like particle (VLP)	[29]
OYA1 (investigational)	OyaGen, Inc.	Preclinical	Safety and efficacy studies are ongoing	[30]

IL-6, interleukin-6; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.