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. 2020 Apr 16;10:6567. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-63621-4

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Viability of encapsulated Hep G2 cells aggregated by conventional oil and MC medium methods. (a) ECM gel capsules were stained with propidium iodide (red) to identify dead cells and calcein-AM (green) to identify living cells. (b) The percentage of dead cells in ECM capsules was calculated. ECM capsules treated with 4% paraformaldehyde were used as 100% dead spheroid controls. Bar = 500 µm. The data are the means ± SEMs, n = 3. *p < 0.05 by Student’s t-test.