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. 2020 Apr 16;94(9):e01782-19. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01782-19

FIG 4.

FIG 4

HIV+ exosomes increase KSHV infection in oral mucosal tissue cultures. (A) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of the organotypic culture of OKF6/TERT2 cells (top) and the oral buccal mucosal tissue consisting of primary human oral epithelial cells (MatTek Inc.) (bottom). Representative images are shown. (B) HIV+ J1.1 T-cell exosomes (J1.1 exo) increased KSHV infection in OKF6/TERT cells grown in the organotypic culture model. GFP+ cells represent KSHV-infected cells. Representative images are shown. (C) Cultured oral buccal mucosal tissues were treated with HIV+ (J1.1 exo) and HIV− (Jurkat exo) exosomes, followed by KSHV infection. Tissue sections were stained with antibodies to LANA (red) and GFP (green). Nuclei stained blue (DAPI). Arrows, GFP; arrowheads, LANA. Bars, 25 μm. Representative images are shown. The lower left image represents the zoomed-in box of each merge photo to detail cellular expression of GFP and LANA. (D) Quantification of LANA-positive cells versus total cells in 3 to 5 sections of each paraffin block shown in panel C. Data are represented as the mean ± SD. *, P < 0.05. (E) The oral mucosal tissue (MatTek Inc.) treated with J1.1 cell exosomes and infected with KSHV was stained for LANA (red) and the tight junction protein claudin 1 (CLDN1; green). Arrows in the enlarged inset of the boxed area, LANA; arrowheads in enlarged inset, claudin 1. Bar, 25 μm.