PTUPB inhibits the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in the lung of ALI mice. C57BL/6 mice received LPS injection (5 mg/kg, i.t.) with or without PTUPB pre-treatment (5 mg/kg) for 1 h. mRNA expression of Nlrp3 (A, n = 6-7), pro-caspase-1 (B, n = 6-7), Asc (C, n = 6-7), and pro-Il-1β (D, n = 6-7) in the lungs was detected by RT-qPCR 12 h after the LPS injection. Protein expression of NLRP3 and pro-IL-1β (E-G, n = 4) in the lungs was detected by Western blotting. mRNA expression of Nf-κb/p65 (H, n = 6-9) in the lungs was detected by RT-qPCR 12 h after the LPS injection. Protein expression of caspase-1p10 and IL-1βp17 in the lungs was detected by Western blotting (I-K, n = 4). Concentration of IL-1β in lung tissue was detected by ELISA (L, n = 5-8). Data are expressed as the mean ± SD. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001.