Table 2. Factors Associated With the Recurrence of the Same Immune-Related Adverse Event.
| Initial irAE | No. (%) | Reporting OR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recurrence after ICI rechallenge (n = 130) | No recurrence after ICI rechallenge (n = 322) | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |
| ICI | ||||
| Anti–PD-1 or anti–PD-L1 alone | 105 (80.8) | 265 (82.3) | 0.9 (0.54-1.52) | NA |
| Anti–CTLA-4 alone | 7 (5.4) | 15 (4.7) | 1.16 (0.46-2.93) | 3.5 (1.05-11.64) |
| Combination therapy | 18 (13.8) | 42 (13.0) | 1.07 (0.59-1.94) | NA |
| Type of initial irAEa | ||||
| Adrenal | 5 (3.8) | 35 (10.9) | 0.33 (0.13-0.86) | NA |
| Arthritis | 13 (10.0) | 16 (5.0) | 2.12 (0.99-4.55) | NA |
| Colitis | 47 (36.2) | 78 (24.2) | 1.77 (1.14-2.75) | 2.99 (1.60-5.59) |
| Diabetes | 0 | 13 (4.0) | NA | NA |
| Hematological | 3 (2.3) | 7 (2.2) | 1.06 (0.27-4.18) | NA |
| Hepatitis | 11 (8.5) | 22 (6.8) | 1.26 (0.59-2.68) | 3.38 (1.31-8.74) |
| Hypophysitis | 6 (4.6) | 17 (5.3) | 0.87 (0.33-2.25) | NA |
| Mucositis | 2 (1.5) | 3 (0.9) | 1.66 (0.27-10.06) | NA |
| Myocarditis | 0 | 3 (0.9) | NA | |
| Myositis | 2 (1.5) | 7 (2.2) | 0.7 (0.14-3.43) | NA |
| Nephritis | 4 (3.1) | 4 (1.2) | 2.52 (0.62-10.25) | 4.92 (0.94-25.64) |
| Neurological | 3 (2.3) | 16 (5.0) | 0.45 (0.13-1.58) | NA |
| Pancreatitis | 3 (2.3) | 11 (3.4) | 0.67 (0.18-2.43) | NA |
| Pneumonitis | 36 (27.7) | 67 (20.8) | 1.46 (0.91-2.33) | 2.26 (1.18-4.32) |
| Skin | 6 (4.6) | 10 (3.1) | 1.51 (0.54-4.24) | 3.21 (0.81-12.75) |
| Thyroiditis | 11 (8.5) | 50 (15.5) | 0.5 (0.25-1.00) | 0.37 (0.12-1.16) |
| Uveitis | 1 (0.8) | 10 (3.1) | 0.24 (0.03-1.91) | NA |
| Vasculitis | 1 (0.8) | 0 | NA | NA |
| Initial irAE | ||||
| Serious | 118 (90.8) | 297 (92.2) | 0.83 (0.40-1.70) | NA |
| Fatal | 8 (6.2) | 13 (4.0) | 1.56 (0.63-3.85) | NA |
Abbreviations: CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4; ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor; irAE, immune-related adverse event; NA, not applicable; OR, odds ratio; PD-1, programmed cell death 1; PD-L1, programmed cell death 1 ligand 1.
a
A case can have multiple initial irAEs; counts of initial irAEs exceeded the number of cases. Adjustment variables were age, sex, ICI regimen, type of initial irAE, case seriousness, and follow-up status.