Table 1.

The clinical application prospects of CXCL5 and CXCR2

Cancer types	Clinical relevance
	CXCL5	CXCR2
Pancreatic cancer	‐be associated with poor survival [23]	N/A
Glioma	‐be associated with higher tumor grade, advanced clinical stage, and poor survival [25]	N/A
Hepatocellular carcinoma	‐be associated with neutrophil infiltration, shorter overall survival, and tumor recurrence [30, 76]	‐be associated with relapse‐free survival and over survival [77] ‐be associated with progression and poor prognosis [78]
Lung cancer	‐be associated with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and short over survival and progression‐free survival [79] ‐be associated with short over survival and disease‐free survival [80]	‐be associated with poor relapse‐free survival [81] ‐be associated with smoking and poor prognosis [82]
Colorectal cancer	‐upregulate in tumor tissues than paracancerous tissues [34] ‐be associated with advanced tumor stage and poor prognosis [34] ‐upregulate in patient serum compared with in healthy volunteers’ serum [83] ‐be associated with female sex, liver metastasis, and poor over survival [83] ‐be associated with poor prognosis [59]	N/A
Osteosarcoma	‐upregulate in tumor tissues than paracancerous tissues [57]	N/A
Gastric cancer	‐be associated with T‐stage and distant metastasis [65]	‐be associated with poor tumor differentiation, increased tumor depth, lymph node metastasis, advanced TNM stage and short over survival [84] ‐upregulate in cancer tissues than paracancerous tissues [85] ‐be associated with advanced tumor stage and poor over survival [85]
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma	‐upregulate in cancer patient serum compared with in healthy volunteers’ serum [27] ‐be associated with poor survival [27] ‐be associated with N classification, distant metastasis and, poor over survival, poor distant metastasis‐free survival, and poor progression‐free survival [86]	N/A
Prostate cancer	‐upregulate in metastatic cancer patients’ serum relative to patients with localized prostate cancer or healthy controls [66]	N/A
Endometrial cancer	‐upregulate in late‐stage cancer as compared to early‐stage disease [87]	N/A
Biliary tract cancer	‐upregulate in tumor samples compared with paired normal tissues [41] ‐be associated with poor over survival after curative hepatic resection [31]	N/A
Breast cancer	‐higher expression levels in metastases when compared with grade I and III biopsies [15] ‐upregulate in tumor samples than paracancerous tissues [16] ‐be associated with disease stage [16]	N/A
Bladder cancer	‐be associated with TNM stage, cancer grade, lymph node metastasis, poor over survival, poor progression‐free survival, and poor relapse‐free survival [88]	N/A
Esophageal cancer	N/A	‐be associated with relapse‐free survival and over survival [89] ‐upregulated in tumor samples than paracancerous tissues [90] ‐be associated with lymph node metastasis and poor over survival [91]
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma	‐upregulate in tumor tissues than paracancerous tissues and decrease in patient serum compared with in healthy volunteers’ serum [6]	‐be associated with lymph node metastasis, histopathological grade, and poor over survival [92]
Astrocytic tumors	N/A	‐be associated with over survival [93]
Renal cell carcinoma	N/A	‐be associated with tumor size, Fuhrman grade, poor over survival and relapse‐free survival [94] ‐upregulated in tumor tissues than paracancerous tissues [95] ‐be associated with high grade, advanced stage, metastasis and poor over survival [95] ‐be associated with high grade, advanced stage, metastases and poor over survival [96]
Ovarian cancer	N/A	‐be associated with poor over survival and early relapse [97]

Abbreviations: CXCL5, CXC motif ligand 5; CXCR2, C‐X‐C motif chemokine receptor 2; N/A, not applicable.