Table 1.
Weighted Descriptive Statistics of Study Variables: Nashville Stress and Health Study (2011–2014).
| Black (n = 627) | White (n = 625) | B≠wa | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Min. | Max. | Mean | SD | Min. | Max. | ||
| Focal Variables | |||||||||
| Self-esteem | 4.65 | .44 | 1.83 | 5 | 4.54 | .62 | 1.17 | 5 | ** |
| John Henryism | 49.24 | 5.89 | 24 | 60 | 47.56 | 5.75 | 22 | 59 | *** |
| Depressive symptoms | 1.72 | .47 | 1 | 3.35 | 1.65 | .51 | 1 | 3.70 | * |
| Anxiety | 1.83 | .69 | 1 | 4 | 1.91 | .70 | 1 | 4 | |
| Cortisol (logged ug/L) | 2.09 | .91 | −.28 | 5.27 | 2.00 | .81 | −.07 | 4.65 | |
| DHEAS (logged ug/dL) | 4.63 | .74 | 2.56 | 6.52 | 4.79 | .74 | 2.66 | 6.77 | ** |
| Cortisol:DHEAS ratio (logged) | −2.51 | 1.04 | −5.40 | .97 | −2.79 | 1.03 | −5.88 | .88 | *** |
| Systolic blood pressure | 125.95 | 14.61 | 84.00 | 198.33 | 119.78 | 13.31 | 79.73 | 176.67 | *** |
| Diastolic blood pressure | 80.34 | 9.62 | 52.10 | 119.33 | 76.47 | 8.91 | 47.79 | 109.42 | *** |
| Goal-striving stress (scale) | 11.11 | 11.29 | 0 | 112 | 9.61 | 11.13 | 0 | 96 | * |
| Low (reference) | .20 | .40 | 0 | 1 | .29 | .45 | 0 | 1 | ** |
| Middle | .40 | .49 | 0 | 1 | .39 | .49 | 0 | 1 | |
| High | .40 | .49 | 0 | 1 | .32 | .47 | 0 | 1 | * |
| Covariates | |||||||||
| Age | 43.57 | 11.43 | 22 | 69 | 44.61 | 11.83 | 23 | 68 | |
| Female (vs. male) | .55 | .50 | 0 | 1 | .50 | .50 | 0 | 1 | |
| Childhood financial hardship | 2.72 | .95 | 1 | 5 | 2.42 | .89 | 1 | 5 | *** |
| Parental education | 4.54 | 2.35 | 0 | 11 | 5.69 | 2.81 | 0 | 11 | *** |
| Major life events | 9.55 | 5.22 | 0 | 31 | 8.10 | 5.12 | 0 | 28 | *** |
| Lifetime psychiatric disorders | .53 | .78 | 0 | 4 | .91 | 1.06 | 0 | 5 | *** |
| Married (vs. not married) | .35 | .48 | 0 | 1 | .66 | .47 | 0 | 1 | *** |
| Education (in years) | 13.40 | 2.76 | 0 | 25 | 14.92 | 3.01 | 3 | 28 | *** |
| Financial resources (z-score) | −.34 | .66 | −1.88 | 1.72 | .37 | .82 | −1.58 | 2.19 | *** |
| Employment status | |||||||||
| Unemployed (reference) | .17 | .38 | 0 | 1 | .12 | .33 | 0 | 1 | * |
| Full-time | .61 | .49 | 0 | 1 | .64 | .48 | 0 | 1 | |
| Part-time | .09 | .29 | 0 | 1 | .14 | .35 | 0 | 1 | * |
| Retired | .05 | .22 | 0 | 1 | .05 | .22 | 0 | 1 | |
| Other | .07 | .25 | 0 | 1 | .04 | .20 | 0 | 1 | |
| Obese (vs. not obese) | .58 | .49 | 0 | 1 | .36 | .48 | 0 | 1 | *** |
| Current smoker (vs. former/non-smoker) | .47 | .50 | 0 | 1 | .48 | .50 | 0 | 1 | |
| Heavy drinker (vs. not heavy drinker) | .09 | .29 | 0 | 1 | .09 | .28 | 0 | 1 | |
| Major discrimination | 1.19 | 1.45 | 0 | 7 | .76 | 1.07 | 0 | 6 | *** |
| Daily discrimination | 2.16 | .63 | 1 | 4.78 | 1.93 | .52 | 1 | 4.11 | *** |
| Biomarker Controls | |||||||||
| Takes blood pressure medications | .38 | .48 | 0 | 1 | .22 | .42 | 0 | 1 | *** |
| Did not fast before collection | .03 | .17 | 0 | 1 | .02 | .12 | 0 | 1 | |
| 12-hour urine collection end time | 6:38 | 1:44 | 1:00 | 12:01 | 6:48 | 1:29 | 1:00 | 12:00 | |
| Time of blood collection | 7:55 | 1:58 | 3:32 | 18:50 | 7:58 | 1:46 | 3:13 | 18:27 | |
a
T-tests and chi-square tests of black-white differences in means/proportions.
*
p<.05,
**
p<.01,
***
p<.001 difference between black and white respondents (two-tailed).