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Extended model for initiation of CoV (−)‐strand RNA synthesis. The S3 structure is formed by interaction between the 3′‐terminal sequence and the PK loop 1. In the initial stage of (−)‐strand RNA synthesis, the N protein binds to both the 5′‐ and 3′‐terminal sequences. This interaction leads to crosstalk between the 5′‐ and 3′‐ends of the genome, as bridged by the N protein, recruiting replicase proteins and initiating (−)‐strand RNA synthesis. RdRp, RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase.
