Table 3.

Summary of radiographic measurements, physical examination and sagittal kinematics of ankle joint

	Mean ± SD	Range
Radiographic parameter
AP talus-1st metatarsal angle (°)	23.5 ± 13.7	0.7 to 73.4
Talonavicular coverage angle (°)	32.3 ± 12.3	8.5 to 61.9
Lateral talus-1st metatarsal angle (°)	33.9 ± 15.1	8.1 to 76.8
Calcaneal pitch angle (°)	8.9 ± 7.6	−14.4 to 21.7
Talocalcaneal angle (°)	56.1 ± 9.1	30.9 to 77.3
Naviculocuboid overlap (%)	75.6 ± 19.2	13.0 to 100
Physical examination
Ankle dorsiflexion in knee extension (°)	−20.6 ± 11.3	−50.0 to −5.0
Sagittal kinematics of ankle joint
Ankle dorsiflexion at initial contact (°)	−3.2 ± 7.0	−36.5 to 8.7
Mean ankle dorsiflexion in stance (°)	5.2 ± 7.5	− 37.7 to 19.4
Peak ankle dorsiflexion in stance (°)	11.3 ± 8.5	− 32.8 to 29.8