Table 4. Results of the strength assessments.
Maximum torque values are in N, rate of torque development (RTD) values in N/150ms. PF (Plantar Flexion), R (right), L (left), DF (dorsiflexion), Rot (trunk rotation), Flex (trunk flexion), Ext (trunk extension). Effect sizes are standardized estimates of the linear mixed effects model for the group factor. Data are mean and SD for pre and post values and mean and 95% confidence intervals for changes and differences.
| Agility based training | Traditional strength and balance training | Mixed model analysis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre | Post | Change | Pre | Post | Change | Estimate | Effect Size | |
| PF Max Torque R | 105.8 (22) | 118.2 (16.9) | 12.4 (−0.7; 25.4) | 90.6 (31.0) | 91.3 (26.3) | 0.8 (−5.8; 7.4) | 11.5 (−2.0; 25.1) | 0.41 (−0.07; 0.89) |
| PF Max Torque L | 99.8 (24.2) | 107.7 (20.0) | 7.9 (−2.3; 18.1) | 94.8 (36.3) | 96.9 (28.8) | 2.2 (−7.5; 11.8) | 5.7 (−8.4; 19.8) | 0.18 (−0.27; 0.64) |
| PF RTD R | 40.3 (18.8) | 53.7 (20.4) | 13.4 (2.8; 24.0) | 28.7 (16.2) | 34.4 (17.3) | 5.7 (0.2; 11.1) | 7.7 (−3.5; 18.9) | 0.43 (−0.19; 1.05) |
| PF RTD L | 37.7 (19.7) | 51.2 (18.9) | 13.5 (2.5; 24.5) | 37.7 (17.5) | 40.3 (18.2) | 2.6 (−3.7; 8.9) | 10.3 (−1.9; 25.5) | 0.55 (−0.10; 1.36) |
| DF Max Torque R | 27.2 (6.5) | 30.6 (9.7) | 3.4 (−0.8; 7.5) | 27.2 (11.3) | 33.5 (11.2) | 6.3 (4.5; 8.2) | −3.0 (−7.1; 1.1) | −0.32 (−0.76; 0.12) |
| DF Max Torque L | 31.7 (9.5) | 34.1 (8.5) | 2.4 (−1.7; 6.5) | 32.3 (11.3) | 36.7 (11.4) | 4.4 (1.7; 7.1) | −2.0 (−6.7; 2.7) | −0.19 (−0.65; 0.26) |
| DF RTD R | 20.0 (7.5) | 21.0 (7.1) | 1.0 (−1.5; 3.5) | 19.2 (5.3) | 21.5 (6.1) | 2.3 (0.5; 4.1) | −1.3 (−4.3; 1.7) | −0.21 (−0.70; 0.27) |
| DF RTD L | 19.1 (4.2) | 21.2 (5.9) | 2.1 (0.1; 4.0) | 19.8 (7.0) | 22.3 (7.3) | 2.5 (0.5; 4.5) | −0.3 (−3.2; 2.6) | −0.05 (−0.54; 0.43) |
| Rot Max Torque R | 87.9 (31.9) | 82.2 (27.7) | −5.8 (−11.4; −0.1) | 80.8 (34.2) | 84.3 (37.2) | 3.5 (−3.3; 10.3) | −9.4 (−18.6; 0.0) | −0.29 (−0.58; 0.00) |
| Rot Max Torque L | 90.0 (32.2) | 88.8 (29.1) | −1.2 (−13.5; 11.2) | 80.9 (27.2) | 76.6 (32.6) | −4.3 (−11.3; 2.7) | 3.1 (−10.4; 16.6) | 0.11 (−0.36; 0.57) |
| Rot RTD R | 49.3 (29.2) | 55.4 (33.3) | 6.1 (−5.3; 17.4) | 37.1 (21.6) | 41.7 (24.5) | 4.6 (−4.1; 13.4) | 2.1 (−12; 16.3) | 0.08 (−0.47; 0.64) |
| Rot RTD L | 52.9 (26.5) | 55.2 (28) | 2.3 (−10.1; 14.8) | 37.7 (18.8) | 34.8 (20.6) | −3.0 (−10.1; 4.2) | 5.8 (−8.3; 18.9) | 0.25 (−0.36; 0.81) |
| Flex Max Torque | 82.5 (27.2) | 76.4 (28.3) | −6.1 (−16.2; 4) | 76.4 (22.3) | 70.7 (23.3) | −5.7 (−12.3; 0.9) | −0.4 (−11.9; 11.1) | −0.02 (−0.49; 0.46) |
| Ext Max Torque | 212.4 (55.9) | 211.7 (64.2) | −0.7 (−17.4; 16) | 167.8 (81.5) | 168.7 (65.5) | 1.0 (−12.6; 14.5) | −1.7 (−23.1; 19.7) | −0.02 (−0.32; 0.27) |
| Flex RTD | 60.3 (31.6) | 59.2 (26.0) | −1.1 (−16.3; 14.2) | 43.8 (22.5) | 45.5 (31.7) | 1.7 (−7.9; 11.3) | −2.0 (−19.1; 15.0) | −0.07 (−0.70; 0.55) |
| Ext RTD | 81.4 (41.6) | 93.8 (49.1) | 12.4 (−1.9; 26.7) | 50.8 (36.9) | 49.7 (28.6) | −1.2 (−10.6; 8.3) | 14.3 (−2.1; 30.7) | 0.35 (−0.05; 0.75) |