Table 4.
Predictors of Remaining Independent
| Parameter | Odds ratio (95% CI)* |
|---|---|
| Maintain overall independence (n = 156/226, 69.0%) | |
| Age, years | 0.88 (0.82, 0.95) |
| Sex, male | 0.78 (0.37–1.63) |
| Field center | Overall trend: p = .43 |
| Forced expiratory volume1, L† | 1.53 (1.03, 2.27) |
| SPPB Score, 0–12 | 1.16 (1.02, 1.32) |
| Digit symbol substitution test, number of correct responses | 1.05 (1.01, 1.09) |
| Maintain physical independence (n = 252/325, 77.5%) | |
| Age, years | 0.84 (0.77–0.91) |
| Sex, male | 1.13 (0.49–2.63) |
| Field center | Overall trend p = .04 |
| SPPB, 0–12 | 1.32 (1.12, 1.56) |
| Forced expiratory volume1, L† | 1.56 (1.02 - 2.38) |
| Waist circumference, cm2 | 0.97 (0.94–1.00), p = .0546 |
| sRAGE† | 0.67 (0.47–0.94) |
| Maintain cognitive independence (n = 201/235, 85.5%) | |
| Age, years | 0.94 (0.85–1.03) |
| Sex, male | 0.47 (0.19–1.16) |
| Field center | Overall Trend: p = .14 |
| Cancer, yes‡ | 0.48 (0.19, 1.24), p = .13 |
| Digit symbol substitution test, # correct | 1.10 (1.04–1.16) |
| Body weight, kg | 1.05 (1.00, 1.10) |
| HDL cholesterol, mL/dL | 1.03 (1.00, 1.06), p = .06 |
| Total SPPB Score, 0–12 | 1.14 (0.98, 1.33), p = .09 |
Notes: CI = confidence interval; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; SPPB = Short Physical Performance Battery; sRAGE = soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-product. p values are shown for items p > .05. p values are given for variables not forced-in and non-significant using an α < 0.05. All ORs are expressed per unit increase except sRAGE and forced expiratory volume1, which were expressed per standard deviation increase.
*Modeled using generalized estimating equations adjusting for relatedness of participants.
†Expressed per sex-specific standard deviation.
‡Cancer excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers.