Table 2.
BMI and Serum Markers Before and After 1 Year of Vitamin D3 Supplementation
| 600 IU/d | 2,000 IU/d | 4,000 IU/d | p | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Final | Change | Baseline | Final | Change | Baseline | Final | Change | Group | Time | Group × Time | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.2 ± 2.6 | 28.6 ± 3.3 | −0.6 ± 1.6 | 31.5 ± 4.3 | 30.7 ± 4.3 | −0.8 ± 1.6 | 29.0 ± 3.0 | 28.2 ± 3.1 | −0.7 ± 1.8 | .115 | .004 | .940 |
| 25OHD (ng/mL) | 26.7 ± 5.0 | 30.2 ± 5.6 | 3.5 ± 4.4a,b | 28.2 ± 5.3 | 36.0 ± 4.9 | 7.8 ± 7.3a | 27.4 ± 4.2 | 40.8 ± 7.0 | 13.4 ± 6.6b | .006 | .001 | < .001 |
| PTH (ng/mL) | 36.3 ± 9.5 | 33.5 ± 8.4 | −2.8 ± 4.6 | 38.8 ± 16.6 | 34.8 ± 8.5 | −4.0 ± 14.7 | 38.7 ± 16.2 | 31.0 ± 8.0 | −7.7 ± 12.8 | .846 | .010 | .527 |
| Estradiol (pmol/L) | 11.9 ± 4.7 | 11.2 ± 3.8 | −0.7 ± 2.5 | 16.2 ± 6.1 | 13.9 ± 5.8 | −1.3 ± 6.0 | 16.1 ± 6.0 | 14.5 ± 4.5 | −2.8 ± 5.9 | .092 | .048 | .761 |
| OC (ng/mL) | 6.4 ± 2.5 | 6.7 ± 2.4 | 0.3 ± 3.1 | 5.7 ± 1.6 | 6.0 ± 2.4 | 0.3 ± 2.5 | 5.6 ± 2.5 | 7.9 ± 2.6 | 2.5 ± 2.9 | .409 | .027 | .118 |
| ucOC (ng/mL) | 2.2 ± 0.9 | 2.3 ± 0.7 | 0.02 ± 0.9 | 1.8 ± 0.8 | 2.3 ± 1.2 | 0.5 ± 1.3 | 1.9 ± 0.7 | 2.3 ± 1.1 | 0.36 ± 1.22 | .926 | .104 | .485 |
| Aβ42 (pg/mL) | 14.0 ± 31.9 | 10.1 ± 20.4 | −3.9 ± 12.9 | 12.0 ± 33.8 | 13.5 ± 38.2 | 1.5 ± 4.4 | 6.7 ± 8.0 | 7.0 ± 6.5 | −0.2 ± 1.9 | .893 | .688 | .023 |
| Aβ40 (pg/mL) | 12.3 ± 14.3 | 16.6 ± 23.7 | 4.3 ± 17.9 | 21.1 ± 24.0 | 25.6 ± 28.4 | 3.9 ± 10.7 | 42.5 ± 25.0 | 55.2 ± 11.4 | 12.7 ± 24.7 | .002 | .047 | .219 |
| Aβ42/Aβ40 | 0.9 ± 1.6 | 1.3 ± 2.9 | 0.3 ± 2.01 | 1.1 ± 3.6 | 0.9 ± 3.1 | −0.2 ± 0.5 | 0.2 ± 0.3 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | −0.1 ± 0.2 | .541 | .838 | .555 |
Notes: Values represent means ± SD (n = 42). Baseline levels were taken after 4 weeks of stabilization with 600 IU/d vitamin D intake in all participants. Screening level of 25OHD before daily multivitamin was 22.6 ± 5.8 ng/mL and did not differ significantly between groups. Different superscript letters in the same row indicate significant differences between groups, p < .05. Bold values represent significance, p < .05. Aβ = amyloid beta; BMI = body mass index; 25OHD = 25-hydroxyvitamin D; OC = osteocalcin; PTH = parathyroid hormone.