Fig 7. Correlation of gene expression and genetic variation with phenotypic divergence.

(A) Significant correlation between the degree of neutral genetic differentiation (neutral Fst) and phenotypic divergence (L_P), with the shaded area highlighting the 95^th confidence interval (CI) (N = 11). (B) The direction of allele frequency change of ecotype-associated loci (θ_RDA) showed a weak correlation with the direction of phenotypic change (θ_P) across ecotype pairs (N = 27). The dotted regression line shows the weak but non-significant correlation. (C) Differences in the magnitude of phenotypic divergence (ΔL_P) are significantly correlated with differences in the magnitude of gene expression divergence (ΔL_GEx) between sympatric Arctic charr ecotypes (N = 10). (D) The direction of expression trajectories of ecotype-associated genes (θ_canGEx) tends explain the direction of the phenotypic trajectories (θ_P) (N = 10). Each panel shows the linear model or Mantel test result.