Table 2.
Duration of episodes of troublesome lung symptoms after intervention and effect modification from paraclinical measures
| n (%) | Mean azithromycin episode duration (days) | Mean placebo episode duration (days) | % reduction (95% CI) | p value | Modification p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | 148 | 3·4 | 7·7 | 63·3%(56·0 to 69·3) | <0·0001 | |||
| Clinical measures | ||||||||
| C-reactive protein concentration (nmol/L) | 133 (100%) | 0·6350 | ||||||
| ≥76·19 nmol/L (≥8 mg/L) | 23 (17%) | 3·6 | 6·3 | 45·6% (−53·9 to 80·8) | 0·2510 | |||
| <76·19 nmol/L (<8 mg/L; lowest detection) | 110 (83%) | 3·5 | 8·4 | 59·4%(15·6 to 80·5) | 0·0158 | |||
| Fever (°C) | 136 (100%) | 0·4809 | ||||||
| ≥38 | 23 (17%) | 3·8 | 4·9 | 21·4% (−61·6 to 61·8) | 0·5122 | |||
| <38 | 113 (83%) | 3·6 | 7·2 | 47·3%(2·9 to 71·4) | 0·0401 | |||
| Objective wheeze | 144 (100%) | 0·8140 | ||||||
| Yes | 26 (18%) | 3·4 | 8·8 | 55·0%(6·3 to 78·4) | 0·0330 | |||
| No | 118 (82%) | 3·6 | 13·0 | 60·1%(18·3 to 80·5) | 0·0120 | |||
| Bacterial infection | ||||||||
| Any pathogenic bacteria | 135 (100%) | 0·2864 | ||||||
| Present | 90 (67%) | 4·2 | 7·9 | 41·6% (−8·3 to 68·5) | 0·0881 | |||
| Not present | 45 (33%) | 2·0 | 5·5 | 64·7%(35·6 to 80·7) | 0·0007 | |||
| Haemophilus influenzae | 135 (100%) | 0·0323 | ||||||
| Present | 32 (24%) | 2·7 | 12·1 | 77·0%(58·0 to 87·4) | <0·0001 | |||
| Not present | 103 (76%) | 3·8 | 5·9 | 33·4% (−28·7 to 65·6) | 0·2264 | |||
| Moraxella catarrhalis | 135 (100%) | 0·9062 | ||||||
| Present | 64 (47%) | 4·4 | 8·7 | 40·5% (−64·3 to 78·5) | 0·3163 | |||
| Not present | 71 (53%) | 2·8 | 5·2 | 45·0%(1·7 to 69·3) | 0·0436 | |||
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 135 (100%) | 0·8576 | ||||||
| Present | 43 (32%) | 3·3 | 6·2 | 44·4% (−22·1 to 74·7) | 0·1436 | |||
| Not present | 92 (68%) | 3·6 | 7·5 | 49·6%(3·8 to 73·5) | 0·0377 | |||
| Viral infection | ||||||||
| Any pathogenic virus | 135 (100%) | 0·7999 | ||||||
| Present | 58 (43%) | 3·8 | 6·8 | 44·0% (−32·4 to 76·4) | 0·1866 | |||
| Not present | 77 (57%) | 2·7 | 7·4 | 50·7%(27·3 to 66·6) | 0·0004 | |||
| Rhinovirus | 135 (100%) | 0·5125 | ||||||
| Present | 26 (19%) | 4·6 | 6·9 | 26·7% (−172·6 to 80·3) | 0·6430 | |||
| Not present | 109 (81%) | 3·1 | 7·1 | 54·1% (34·3 to 67·9) | <0·0001 | |||
| RSV | 135 (100%) | 0·8886 | ||||||
| Present | 22 (16%) | 3·3 | 5·9 | 42·1% (−71·7 to 80·5) | 0·3242 | |||
| Not present | 113 (84%) | 3·6 | 7·2 | 46·9%(6·3 to 69·9) | 0·0289 | |||
| Enteroviruses | 135 (100%) | 0·1997 | ||||||
| Present | 27 (20%) | 2·1 | 6·8 | 66·3%(31·5 to 83·4) | 0·0026 | |||
| Not present | 108 (80%) | 4·0 | 7·1 | 41·1% (−2·7 to 66·2) | 0·0619 | |||
p values correspond to associations and test for effect modification by covariants. RSV=respiratory syncytial virus.