Table 4.

Daily Zn balance, ATTD, and TTTD of Zn for sows during lactation

	Control		DDGS			P-value
Item	ZnSO4	PSZn	ZnSO4	PSZn	SE	Diet	Zn source	Diet * Zn source
No. of sows	6	8	6	9	—	—	—	—
ADFI, kg/d	6.71a	5.68ab	4.47b	4.83b	0.64	<0.01	0.43	0.09
Diet DM, %	87.3	87.3	88.4	88.5	—	—	—	—
ADFI, kg/d DM	5.85a	4.96ab	3.96b	4.27b	0.56	<0.01	0.43	0.10
Diet Zn, mg/kg DM	149	154	154	140	—	—	—	—
Diet Ti, mg/kg DM	3,425	3,139	3,368	3,518	—	—	—	—
Zn consumed, mg/d DM	811a	713ab	618ab	583b	60.7	0.01	0.28	0.61
Ti consumed, mg/d DM	18,662a	14,554b	13,549b	14,649ab	1,179	0.07	0.27	<0.01
Fecal excretion1, kg/d DM	0.79	0.66	0.73	0.82	0.1	0.42	0.79	0.10
Fecal Zn, mg/kg DM	987a	889b	759c	798c	26.4	<0.01	0.07	<0.01
Fecal Ti, mg/kg DM	25,788a	23,700b	18,369c	18,394c	296.1	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
Fecal Zn excreted2, mg/d	772a	600ab	547b	653ab	80.6	0.09	0.52	<0.01
Fecal Ti excreted3, mg/d	19,965a,x	15,656ab,y	13,329b	15,028b	1,878	<0.01	0.29	0.01
DM digestibility4, %	86.7a	86.7a	81.6b,x	80.8b,y	0.2	<0.01	0.14	0.07
ATTD Zn5, %	11.6b	22.9a	10.0b	−8.6c	2.6	<0.01	0.03	<0.01
TTTD Zn6, %	28.3b	39.0a	26.1b	9.1c	2.6	<0.01	0.05	<0.01
Urine excretion7, kg/d	17.2	10.5	13.3	16.0	5.8	0.88	0.74	0.42
Urine Zn concentration, mg/kg	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.6	0.2	0.65	0.92	0.32
Urine Zn excreted8, mg/d	6	8	9	7	1.7	0.60	0.86	0.23
Milk yield, kg/d	9.2	9.1	9.8	10.3	0.7	0.24	0.83	0.71
Milk Zn concentration, mg/kg	5.2	5.7	5.0	5.4	0.4	0.48	0.33	0.88
Milk Zn secreted9, mg/d	52	52a	49	54	5.7	0.99	0.63	0.64
Total Zn excreted10, mg/d	830a	660ab	606b	714ab	80.6	0.10	0.55	<0.01
Zn retained11, mg/d	42b	101	4b	−115c	19.1	<0.01	0.02	<0.01

¹Fecal excretion = DM_intake * (Ti_diet/ Ti_feces).

²Fecal Zn excreted = Zn_feces * Output_feces.

³Fecal Ti excreted = Ti_feces * Output_feces.

⁴DM digestibility, % = [1 − (Ti_diet/Ti_feces)] * 100.

⁵ATTD Zn, % = [1 – (Zn_feces/Zn_diet) × (M_diet/M_feces)] * 100.

⁶TTTD Zn, % = ATTD + [(Zn_end/Zn_diet) * 100].

⁷Represents urine output of the following sows per treatment: ConZnSO₄ = 4; ConPSZn = 2; DDGS/ZnSO₄ = 5; and DDGS/PSZn = 5.

⁸Urine Zn excreted = (Zn_urine * Urine_output).

⁹Milk Zn secreted = (Zn_milk * Milk_output).

¹⁰Total Zn excreted = (Fecal Zn_excreted + Urine Zn_excreted).

¹¹Zn retained = (Zn_intake – Zn_excreted).

^a–cMeans within a row with different superscripts differ (P < 0.05).

^x,yMeans within a row with different superscripts differ (P < 0.10).