Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Total (N = 84) | VSOP group (n = 56) | MLA group (n = 28) | t or χ2, df (p) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 74.71 (7.30) | 75.23 (7.49) | 73.68 (6.92) | 0.92, 82 (.36) |
| Years of education, mean (SD) | 16.34 (2.55) | 16.17 (2.39) | 16.68 (2.87) | −0.86, 82 (.39) |
| Male, n (%) | 45 (53.6) | 32 (57.1) | 13 (46.4) | 0.86, 1 (.35) |
| Non-Hispanic White, n (%) | 74 (88.1) | 52 (92.9) | 22 (78.6) | 3.63, 1 (.06) |
| Married, n (%) | 62 (73.8) | 42 (75.0) | 20 (71.4) | 0.12, 1 (.73) |
| MOCA, mean (SD) | 24.05 (2.62) | 23.89 (2.75) | 24.36 (2.33) | −0.77, 82 (.45) |
| GDS, mean (SD) | 2.04 (2.23) | 2.18 (2.15) | 1.75 (2.40) | 0.83, 82 (.41) |
| Single-domain aMCI, n (%) | 37 (44) | 22 (39.3) | 15 (53.6) | 1.55, 1 (.21) |
| First-degree family history of Alzheimer’s dementia, n (%) | 43 (51.2) | 28 (50.0) | 15 (53.6) | 0.10, 1 (.76) |
| ADSCT, mean (SD) | 2.77 (0.16) | 2.75 (0.17) | 2.81 (0.14) | −1.84, 82 (.07) |
| • ADSCT ≤ 2.77mm3/neurodegeneration, n (%) | 41 (48.8) | 31 (55.4) | 10 (35.7) | 2.88, 1 (.09) |
| Taking AD medication, n (%) | 11 (13.1) | 8 (14.3) | 3 (10.7) | 0.21, 1 (.65) |
| Taking beta-blockers, n (%) | 16 (19) | 10 (17.9) | 6 (21.4) | 0.15, 1 (.69) |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 26.67 (4.64) | 26.57 (4.75) | 26.86 (4.50) | −0.27, 82 (.79) |
| Chronic condition index, mean (SD) | 4.46 (2.21) | 4.38 (2.15) | 4.64 (2.34) | −0.52, 82 (.60) |
| • Hypertension, n (%) | 45 (54.2) | 27 (49.1) | 18 (64.3) | 1.73, 1 (.19) |
| • Diabetes, n (%) | 10 (11.9) | 9 (16.1) | 1 (3.6) | 2.78, 1 (.10) |
| Baseline UFOV, mean (SD) | 5.89 (0.51) | 5.89 (0.51) | 5.89 (0.50) | −0.08, 80 (.94) |
| Baseline HF-HRV_rest, mean (SD) | 4.26 (1.70) | 4.28 (1.90) | 4.24 (1.26) | 0.10, 75 (.92) |
| Baseline HF-HRV_task, mean (SD) | 4.33 (1.66) | 4.16 (1.81) | 4.68 (1.25) | 0.82, 1 (.33)* |
Note.
*
controlled for baseline HF-HRV_rest