Table 1.

Table tool used for the evaluation of the methodological quality of case reports and case series¹³

Domains	Leading explanatory questions
Selection	1.Does the patient represent the whole experience of the investigator (center) or is the selection method unclear to the extent that other patients with similar presentation may not have been reported?
Ascertainment	2.Was the exposure adequately ascertained?
	3.Was the outcome adequately ascertained?
Causality	4.Were other alternative causes that may explain the observation ruled out?
	5.Was there a challenge and/or rechallenge phenomenon?
	6.Was there a dose-response effect?
	7.Was follow-up long enough for outcomes to occur?
Reporting	8.Is the case described with sufficient details to allow other investigators to replicate the research or to allow practitioners to make inferences related to their own practice?

Della Gatta. COVID-19 during pregnancy: a systematic review. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020.