Table 1.

Clinical features of 55 case reports and our cases

	Age	Sex	Chief complaint	Hernia orifice (cm)	Hernia sac +/−	Surgical procedure	Postoperative complications, ≥ C-D IIIa
Previous all cases, n = 55	41 (26–63)	Male, n = 22 Female n = 35	Abdominal pain, n = 26 Chest pain, n = 7 Dyspnea, n = 13 Vomiting, n = 2	7 (5–10)	13/21	Thoracoscopy, n = 2 Thoracotomy, n = 8 Laparoscopy, n = 19 Laparotomy, n = 26	Pleural effusion, n = 1 Pneumonia, n = 2 Empyema, n = 4
Cases with gastrointestinal strangulation, n = 14*	41 (30–65)	Male, n = 5 Female, n = 9	Abdominal pain, n = 12 Chest pain, n = 0 Dyspnea, n = 1 Vomiting, n = 1	6 (4.5–8)	7/7	Laparoscopy, n = 2 Laparotomy, n = 12	Pneumonia, n = 1 Empyema, n = 4
Case 1	50	M	Abdominal pain Vomiting	7	Absent	Laparotomy	None
Case 2	87	F	Abdominal pain	4	Present	Laparotomy	None

Continuous variables are shown as a median (quartile)

^*Stomach: n = 7; small intestine: n = 6; colon: n = 2