Table 1.

Summary of prior art

Author, year	Method	No. of images	Accuracy (%)
Foran et al. [10], 2000	Nonparametric clustering, Mahalanobis distance	261	83
Belacel et al. [17], 2001	PROAFTN	191	96
Jair et al. [22], 2012	Ensemble particle swarm model selection	633	94
Mohapatra et al. [20], 2014	c-means clustering, NB, KNN, MLP, SVM, and ensemble classifier	−	90
Agaian et al. [11], 2014	k-means clustering, SVM	80	98
Fatichah [21], 2015	Fuzzy morphology, decision tree	120	84
Moradi et al. [12], 2015	k-means, SVM	312	96
Neoh et al. [13], 2015	Watershed algorithm, clustering method, MLP, SVM, ensemble classifier	180	96
Reta et al. [14], 2015	k-means, binary classifier	633	95
Patel et al. [16], 2015	k-means, SVM	180	94
Nikitaev et al. [26], 2016	Wavelet analysis	1289	82
Negm et al. [15], 2017	k-means, NN	624	97
Srisukkham et al. [19], 2017	Marker controlled watershed, SVM, NN	180	93
Jyoti et al. [27], 2017	Otsu’s thresholding, MLP	420	97
Zeinab et al. [18], 2018	Marker-controlled watershed, ensemble classifier	368	97