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Demographic characteristics of the cohort.
| Variables | Patients (n = 205) |
| Age (years) | 55.29 ± 10 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 10.7 ± 6.8 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | Males: 103 ± 12 |
| Females: 108 ± 12 | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2 ) | 32.2 ± 12 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 184 ± 89 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 8.5 ± 2.2 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.8 ± 0.2 |
| Education status | N %Illiterate 22 10.7Elementary school 104 50.7Middle school 18 8.8High school 32 15.6University 29 14.1 |
