Skip to main content
. 2013 Feb 4;61(5):679–693. doi: 10.1002/glia.22461

Figure 2.

Figure 2

PolyI:C treatment increases IFITM3 expression levels in astrocytes via IFN‐β signaling. (A) PolyI:C treatment (10 µg/mL) increased the expression levels of IFITM3, TLR3, RIG‐I, and MDA‐5 mRNA in cultured astrocytes, but not in primary cultured neurons. Values are the means ± SEM (n = 4). IFITM3: polyI:C (F (1,10) = 8.52, P < 0.05), cell type (F (1,10) = 477.83, P < 0.0001), interaction (F (1,10) = 4.26, P = 0.067). TLR3: polyI:C (F (1,10) = 6.69, P < 0.001), cell type (F (1,10) = 358.82, P < 0.0001), interaction (F (1,10) = 3.45, P = 0.093). RIG‐I: polyI:C (F (1,10) = 6.24, P < 0.05), cell type (F (1,10) = 348.17, P < 0.0001), interaction (F (1,10) = 7.00, P < 0.05). MDA‐5: polyI:C (F (1,10) = 18.47, P < 0.01), cell type (F (1,10) = 493.17, P < 0.0001), interaction (F (1,10) = 14.32, P < 0.01). *P < 0.05 versus corresponding vehicle‐treated control astrocytes. (B, C) Time‐course changes in IFN‐β (B) and IFITM3 (C) mRNA levels after polyI:C treatment in cultured astrocytes. Values are the means ± SEM (n = 3–4). (B) IFN‐β: polyI:C (F (1,13) = 201.74, P < 0.001), time (F (2,13) = 2.85, P = 0.094), interaction (F (2,13) = 3.99, P < 0.05). (C) IFITM3; polyI:C (F (1,12) = 31.41, P < 0.001), time (F (2,12) = 10.54, P < 0.01), interaction (F2,12 = 5.38, P < 0.05). * P < 0.05 versus corresponding vehicle‐treated control astrocytes. (D) Inhibition of polyI:C‐induced IFITM3 expression by treatment with a neutralizing IFN‐β antibody. Astrocytes were cotreated for 24 h with polyI:C and a neutralizing IFN‐β antibody. Values are the means ± SEM (n = 3–4). IFITM3: F (3,10) = 57.55, P < 0.001. *P < 0.05 versus vehicle‐treated control astrocytes cotreated with control IgG. # P < 0.05 versus polyI:C‐treated astrocytes cotreated with control IgG. (E) Induction of IFITM3 mRNA by IFN‐β in cultured astrocytes. Astrocytes were cultured for 24 h with IFN‐β. Values are the means ± SEM (n = 3). IFITM3: F(4,10) = 30.86, P < 0.001. *P < 0.05 versus vehicle‐treated control astrocytes.