Table 7.
Arthropods recognized in Viverridae
| Arthropod | Zoonotic pathogens carried by organism | Viverrid Species affected | Clinical signs in Viverridae | Country | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Family Sarcoptidae (Mites) | |||||
| Notoedres cati Z,M | None reported | Masked palm civet (Paguma larvata) | Alopecia, crusting dermatitis | Japan (free‐ranging – urban) | (Ninomiya et al., 2003) |
| Family Ixodidae (Ticks) | |||||
| Amblyomma testudinarium Z,M | Rickettsia japonica, Rickettsia tamurae, Ehrlichia chaffeensis | Large Indian civet (Viverra zibetha) | Not discussed | Thailand (wild) | (Grassman et al., 2004) |
| Ixodes ovatus Z,M | R. japonica, Ehrlichia sp., Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus, Borrelia burgdorferi | Owston's civet (Chrotogale owstoni), Large Indian civet, Common palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) | Not discussed | Laos, Thailand, Ethiopia (market, wild, farm) | (Tanskul et al., 1983; Robbins et al., 1997) |
| Haemaphysalis leachi M , H. punctaleachi Z,M , H. bispinosa Z,M , H. koningsbergeri Z,M H. asiaticus Z,M , H. canestrinii Z,M | R. conorii, Borrelia burgdorferi | African civet (Civettictis civetta), Binturong (Arctictis binturong), Large Indian civet, Small Indian civet (Viverricula indica), Common palm civet | Not discussed | Ethiopia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Thailand, Taiwan, India, Myanmar (wild, farm) | (Hoogstraal and Trapido, 1966; Hoogstraal, 1971; Tanskul et al., 1983; Tolosa and Regassa, 2007; Mediannikov et al., 2012) |
| Rhipicephalus haemaphysaolides Z,M , Rhipicephalus sp.Z,M | None reported | African civet, Binturong | Not discussed | Ethiopia, Thailand (wild, farm) | (Grassman et al., 2004; Tolosa and Regassa, 2007) |
| Dermacentor taiwanensis M , D. auratus Z,M | R. japonica, Kyasanur Forest disease, Flavivirus, Toxoplasma sp. | Formosan gem‐faced civet (Paguma larvata taivana), Small‐toothed palm civet (Arctogalidia trivirgata), Masked palm civet, Common palm civet, Small Indian civet | Not discussed | Taiwan, Malaysia, India, Vietnam, Myanmar (wild) | (Hoogstraal and Wassef, 1985; Hoogstraal et al., 1986) |
| Family Trichodectidae (Chewing lice) | |||||
| Felicola bengalensis | None reported | Common palm civet | Not discussed | Thailand (wild) | (Changbunjong et al., 2011) |
| Family Porocephalidae (Pentostome) | |||||
| Armillifer moniliformis Z,M | None reported | Binturong, Small‐toothed palm civet, Masked palm civet, Common palm civet, Otter civet (Cynogale bennettii | Infection fatal, pre‐mortem signs not described | Malaysia, USA (wild, zoo) | (Stabler and Self, 1967; Krishnasamy et al., 1981) |
Z, zoonotic potential acknowledged; M, arthropod affects multiple hosts other than Viverridae.
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