Fig. 2.

Activity of signaling pathways that influence fiber size in AR113Q muscle. a Schematic of signaling pathways which regulate muscle regeneration and hypertrophy (inhibitory in magenta, stimulatory in cyan). b Levels of phospho-S6RP in WT vs AR113Q LABC at 14 weeks, following 2-week treatment with vehicle (Veh) or rapamycin (Rap) I.P. (n = 3–4 mice/group) *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test (c) Relative levels of Deptor and REDD1 proteins in WT vs AR113Q LABC muscle at 14 weeks (n = 3/group). Data are mean ± SEM. **p < 0.01 by unpaired t test. d, e Relative mRNA expression of myostatin (MSTN) in WT or AR113Q quadriceps at 14, 26, and 52 weeks (d, n = 6/group) and LABC at 14 weeks (e, n = 3/group). f Levels of phospho-SMAD3 in WT and AR113Q quadriceps at 26 weeks (n = 3/group). d Data are mean ± SEM. ns not significant (p > 0.05), *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 by unpaired t test. e Data are mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. f Data are mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05 by unpaired t test