Table 1. Differences between demographic and clinical characteristics of sarcopenia and normal group.
| Characteristics | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Sarcopenia (n = 45) | Normal (n = 92) | Total (n = 137) | |
| Gender | |||
| Female | 29(64.4%) | 56(60.9%) | 85 (62.0%) |
| Male | 16(35.6%) | 36(39.1%) | 52 (38.0%) |
| Age | |||
| Mean (SD) | 69.3(9.7) | 63.9(7.3) | 65.7 (7.8) |
| Median [MIN, MAX] | 67 [55,88] | 62[55,90] | 63[55,89] |
| Education_level | |||
| Primary (0–6 years) | 10(22.2%) | 16(17.4%) | 26(19.0%) |
| Secondary (7–12 years) | 24(53.3%) | 49(53.3%) | 73(53.3%) |
| Higher (>12 years) | 11(24.4%) | 27(29.3%) | 38(27.7%) |
| BMI | |||
| Mean (SD) | 22.1(2.8) | 24.7(3.2) | 23.9(3.5) |
| Median [MIN, MAX] | 22.8[17.5,26.8] | 25[17.4,31.8] | 24.2[17.4,31.8] |
| Drinking | |||
| Yes | 9(20.0%) | 38(41.3%) | 90(65.7%) |
| No | 36(80.0%) | 54(58.7%) | 47(34.3%) |
| Smoking | |||
| Yes | 15(33.3%) | 23(25.0%) | 99(72.3%) |
| No | 30(66.7%) | 69(75.0%) | 38(27.7%) |
| Exercise | |||
| >2 h/week | 24(53.3%) | 75(81.5%) | 99(72.3%) |
| ≤2 h/week | 21(46.7%) | 17(18.5%) | 38(27.7%) |
| Surgical technique | |||
| Cannulated screws+Standard tension band | 39(86.7%) | 84(91.3%) | 123(89.8%) |
| Standard tension band | 4(8.9%) | 7(7.6%) | 11(8.0%) |
| Plaster fixation | 2(4.4%) | 1(1.0%) | 3(2.2%) |
| Rehabilitation training | |||
| Yes | 13(28.9%) | 47(51.1%) | 60(43.8%) |
| No | 32(72.1%) | 45(48.9%) | 77(56.2%) |
| Internal fixation removal | |||
| Yes | 13(28.9%) | 37(40.2%) | 50(36.5%) |
| No | 32(72.1%) | 55(60.8%) | 87(63.5%) |
| Diabetes | |||
| Yes | 23(51.1%) | 24(26.1%) | 47(34.3%) |
| No | 22(48.9%) | 68(73.9%) | 90(65.7%) |
| High blood pressure | |||
| Yes | 15(33.3%) | 22(23.9%) | 37(27.0%) |
| No | 30(66.7%) | 70(76.1%) | 100(73.0%) |
| Hyperlipidemia | |||
| Yes | 12(26.7%) | 25(27.2%) | 37(27.0%) |
| No | 33(73.3%) | 67(72.8%) | 100(73.0%) |
| History of stroke or myocardial infarction | |||
| Yes | 4(8.9%) | 3(3.3%) | 7(5.1%) |
| No | 41(91.1%) | 89(96.7%) | 130(94.9%) |
| Heart disease | |||
| Yes | 6(13.3%) | 8(8.7%) | 123(89.8%) |
| No | 39(86.7%) | 84(91.3%) | 14(10.2%) |
| Renal insufficiency | |||
| Yes | 1 (2.2%) | 0(0.0%) | 1(0.7%) |
| No | 44 (97.8%) | 92(100.0%) | 136(99.3%) |
| History of cancer | |||
| Yes | 1 (2.2%) | 2(2.2%) | 3(2.2%) |
| No | 44 (97.8%) | 90(97.8%) | 134(97.8%) |
| Asthma | |||
| Yes | 2(4.4%) | 3(3.3%) | 5(3.6%) |
| No | 43(95.6%) | 89(96.7%) | 132(96.4%) |
| Blood type | |||
| A | 12(26.7%) | 31(33.7%) | 43(31.4%) |
| B | 4(8.9%) | 29(31.5%) | 33(24.1%) |
| AB | 15(33.3%) | 8(8.7%) | 23(16.8%) |
| O | 14(31.1%) | 24(26.1%) | 38(27.7%) |
| Perioperative blood transfusion | |||
| Yes | 0(0.0%) | 0(0.0%) | 0(0.0%) |
| No | 45(100.0%) | 92(100.0%) | 137(100.0%) |
| Follow-up time(year) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 3.7(1.6) | 3.7(1.7) | 3.7(1.7) |
| Median [MIN, MAX] | 3.6[0.83,6.25] | 3.46[8.3,6.25] | 3.7[0.83,6.25] |
| Length_of_hospital_stay | |||
| Mean (SD) | 10.7(5.1) | 10.3(4.5) | 10.4(4.8) |
| Median [MIN, MAX] | 10[3,24] | 10[3,26] | 10[3,26] |
| Treatment group | |||
| Group A | 19(42.2%) | 42(45.7%) | 61(44.5%) |
| Group B | 26(57.8%) | 50(54.3%) | 76(55.4%) |
| Bone nonunion | |||
| Yes | 2(4.4%) | 1(1.0%) | 3(2.2%) |
| No | 43(95.6%) | 91(98.9%) | 134(97.8%) |
| Open fracture | |||
| Yes | 5(11.1%) | 3(3.3%) | 8(5.8%) |
| No | 40(88.9%) | 89(96.7%) | 129(94.1%) |
| Multiple fracture | |||
| Yes | 2(4.4%) | 4(4.3%) | 6(4.3%) |
| No | 43(95.6%) | 88(95.7%) | 131(95.6%) |
| Infection | |||
| Yes | 4(8.9%) | 3(3.3%) | 7(5.1%) |
| No | 41(91.1%) | 89(96.7%) | 130(94.9%) |
| Classification of fracture | |||
| Upper or lower pole | 17(37.8%) | 32(34.8%) | 49(35.8%) |
| Comminuted fracture | 11(24.4%) | 13(14.1%) | 24(17.5%) |
| Transverse | 15(33.3%) | 38(41.3%) | 53(38.7%) |
| Undisplaced | 0(0.0%) | 5 (5.4% ) | 5(3.6%) |
| Vertical fracture | 2(4.4%) | 4(4.3%) | 6(4.3%) |