Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Cases and Controls of European Ancestry in the UK Biobank Cohort, 2006–2010
| Variables | Controls Without DM (n = 310 267) | Cases With T1DM (n = 2177) | Cases With T2DM (n = 13 976) | P a | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD or No. (%) | Mean ± SD or No. (%) | Mean ± SD or No. (%) | |||||
| Age, mean ± SD, y | 56.7 ± 8.0 | 58.7 ± 7.7 | 60.8 ± 6.6 | <.001 | |||
| Sex | <.001 | ||||||
| Female | 169 482 | 54.62 | 880 | 40.42 | 5 220 | 37.35 | |
| Male | 140 785 | 45.38 | 1 297 | 59.58 | 8 756 | 62.65 | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | <.001 | ||||||
| Median (IQR) | 26.54 (5.54) | 29.23 (7.67) | 31.15 (7.26) | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 27.16 ± 4.57 | 30.07 ± 5.96 | 31.95 ± 5.82 | ||||
| <25.0 | 107 518 | 34.65 | 479 | 22.00 | 1316 | 9.42 | |
| ≥25.0 | 202 749 | 65.35 | 1698 | 78.00 | 12 660 | 90.58 | |
| Smoking status (current) | <.001 | ||||||
| Yes | 29 682 | 9.57 | 259 | 11.90 | 259 | 11.84 | |
| No | 280 585 | 90.43 | 1918 | 88.10 | 12 321 | 88.16 | |
| Alcohol intake frequency | <.001 | ||||||
| >3/wk | 143 777 | 46.34 | 684 | 31.42 | 4511 | 32.28 | |
| No or <3/wk | 166 490 | 53.66 | 1493 | 68.58 | 9465 | 67.72 |
Abbreviations: DM, diabetes mellitus; IQR, interquartile range; T1DM, type 1 diabetes mellitus; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.
aFor continuous and categorical variables, differences between cases (T1DM or T2DM) and controls were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test and logistic regression test, respectively. Comparisons between the cases and the controls were statistically significant for both T1DM and T2DM. Therefore they were not listed separately.