Table 4.

Effect of quinonoids in inducing lung cancer autophagy.

Quinonoids	Cell lines or animal models	Doses	Targets	Pharmacodynamic effects	Ref.
Emodin	A549 cells	10~20 μM	ATG5, p53, LC3	Induce autophagic cell death	[38]
Plumbagin	A549 cells, H23 cells	0.5~10 μM	PI3K, Akt, p38, mTOR, LC3I, LC3II, Beclin1	Induce apoptotic and autophagic cell death and block cell cycle	[39]
Cryptotanshinone	A549 cells, A549 xenograft nude mice	1.25~40 μM 10 mg/kg	LC3I, p-JNK, LC3II	Induce autophagic cell death and inhibit tumor growth	[40]