Figure 3.

EV71 infection induces COX‐2 expression through c‐Src/EGFR in SK‐N‐SH cells. (A) Cells were pretreated with AG1478 or an EGFR‐neutralizing antibody for 1 h, followed by treatment with EV71 for 12 h. (B) Cells were pretreated with PP1 for 1 h, followed by stimulation with EV71 for 12 h. (C) Cells were transfected with c‐Src siRNA, and were then incubated with EV71 for 12 h. (D) Cells were pretreated with AG1478 (1 µM) or PP1 (1 µM) for 1 h before incubation with EV71 for 16 h. (E) Cells were pretreated with AG1478 (10 µM) or PP1 (3 µM) for 1 h before incubation with EV71 for 1 h. (F) Cells were transiently transfected with COX‐2‐luc reporter gene, followed by pretreatment with AG1478 (1 µM) or PP1 (1 µM) for 1 h and incubation with EV71 for 16 h. The cell lysates were subjected to Western blot analysis using an anti‐COX‐2 (A–C), anti‐c‐Src (C) antibody. The medium was analyzed for PGE₂ release (D). The RNA samples were analyzed by RTPCR for COX‐2 mRNA expression (E). The COX‐2 promoter activity was determined in the cell lysates (F). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM of at least three independent experiments. *P < 0.05; ^# P < 0.01 as compared with the cells exposed to EV71 alone.