Table II.
Comparative Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of all of the Patients Stratified by A/H1N1p and HRV Infection
| Characteristics | N (%) total | N (%) A/H1N1p | N (%) HRV | A/H1N1p vs. non‐A/H1N1p | HRV vs. non‐HRV | A/H1N1p vs. HRV | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P‐value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P‐value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P‐value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | |||||
| Sex | Female | 395 (59.8) | 79 (50) | 19 (32.8) | <0.01 | 1.7 (1.19; 2.44) | 0.6 | <0.05 | 0.5 (0.26; 0.92) | |
| Male | 265 (40.2) | 79 (50) | 39 (67.2) | |||||||
| Age | Mean (SD) | 31 (14.27) | 26.6 (12.12) | 32.6 (12.7) | <0.0001 | 0.8 | <0.01 | |||
| ≤10 | 40 (6.1) | 10 (6.4) | 1 (1.7) | <0.0001 | 1.0 | <0.05 | ||||
| 11–20 | 110 (16.7) | 40 (25.5) | 10 (17.2) | |||||||
| 21–30 | 195 (29.5) | 56 (35.7) | 17 (29.3) | |||||||
| 31–40 | 160 (24.2) | 35 (22.3) | 14 (24.1) | |||||||
| 41–50 | 78 (11.8) | 7 (4.5) | 9 (15.5) | |||||||
| 51+ | 76 (11.5) | 9 (5.7) | 7 (12.1) | |||||||
| Clinical characteristics | Tp° mean (SD) | 38.5 (0.90) | 38.5 (0.95) | 38.4 (0.79) | 0.75 | 0.9 | 0.5 | |||
| Influenza‐like illness | 358 (75.2) | 141 (89.2) | 43 (74.1) | <0.001 | 2.8 (1.64; 4.85) | 0.5 | <0.01 | 0.4 (0.16; 0.75) | ||
| Fever | 556 (84.9) | 143 (90.5) | 46 (79.3) | <0.05 | 1.9 (1.08; 3.47) | 0.5 | <0.05 | 0.4 (0.18; 0.92) | ||
| Cough | 545 (83.2) | 153 (96.8) | 50 (86.2) | <0.0001 | 8.2 (3.28; 20.49) | 0.5 | <0.01 | 0.2 (0.06; 0.65) | ||
| Sore throat | 424 (64.7) | 103 (65.2) | 40 (69) | 0.9 | 0.4 | 0.6 | ||||
| Asthenia | 611 (93.3) | 151 (95.6) | 51 (87.9) | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.06 | 0.3 (0.11; 1.01) | |||
| Myalgia | 521 (79.7) | 126 (80.3) | 43 (74.1) | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.3 | ||||
| Rhinorrhea | 414 (63.2) | 117 (74.1) | 47 (81) | <0.01 | 1.9 (1.29; 2.86) | <0.001 | 3.3 (1.61; 6.62) | 0.3 | ||
| Headache | 507 (77.4) | 123 (77.8) | 40 (69) | 0.8 | 0.07 | 0.6 (0.29; 1.06) | 0.2 | |||
| Chills | 427 (65.2) | 117 (74.1) | 30 (51.7) | <0.01 | 1.7 (1.16; 2.57) | <0.05 | 0.6 (0.31; 0.99) | <0.01 | 0.4 (0.20; 0.70) | |
| Arthralgia | 259 (39.7) | 65 (41.4) | 18 (31) | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.2 | ||||
| Diarrhea | 109 (16.6) | 29 (18.4) | 7 (12.1) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.3 | ||||
| Nausea | 230 (35.2) | 62 (39.2) | 13 (22.8) | 0.2 | <0.05 | 0.5 (0.24; 0.93) | <0.05 | 0.5 (0.23; 0.92) | ||
| Vomiting | 104 (15.9) | 35 (22.2) | 8 (14) | <0.05 | 1.8 (1.12; 2.77) | 0.9 | 0.2 | |||
| Conjunctive hyperemia | 66 (11.1) | 23 (17.8) | 6 (12) | <0.01 | 2.1 (1.24; 3.71) | 1.0 | 0.4 | |||
| Dyspnea | 160 (24.5) | 54 (34.2) | 15 (26.3) | <0.01 | 1.9 (1.28; 2.82) | 0.7 | 0.3 | |||
| Medical history/risk factor | Recent travel | 106 (16.2) | 18 (11.4) | 8 (13.8) | 0.06 | 0.6 (0.35; 1.03) | 0.6 | 0.6 | ||
| Live locally | 658 (99.7) | 158 (100) | 57 (98.3) | 1.0 | 0.4 | 0.3 | ||||
| Pregnant (2nd trimester) | 36 (5.6) | 6 (4) | 7 (12.3) | 0.3 | 0.06 | 2.7 (1.01; 7.41) | <0.05 | 3.4 (1.08; 10.5) | ||
| Chronic bronchopathy | 92 (14.4) | 21 (14.1) | 13 (22.8) | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||||
| Cardiopathy | 11 (1.7) | 3 (2) | 1 (1.8) | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| Neurologic | 10 (1.6) | 5 (3.4) | 1 (1.8) | 0.05 | 3.4 (0.97; 11.88) | 0.4 | 1.0 | |||
| Hematologic | 7 (1.1) | 2 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 0.7 | 0.6 | 1.0 | ||||
| Metabolic | 38 (5.9) | 12 (8.1) | 2 (3.5) | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.4 | ||||
| Immunodeficiency | 11 (1.7) | 2 (1.3) | 2 (3.5) | 1.0 | 0.3 | 0.3 | ||||
| Obesity | 9 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.1 | 0.6 | |||||
| Alcohol/hepatopathy | 9 (1.4) | 3 (2) | 0 (0) | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.6 | ||||
| >65 Years old | 6 (0.9) | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0) | 1.0 | 0.6 | 1.0 | ||||
| Risk factor (one or more) | 189 (28.6) | 44 (27.8) | 21 (36.2) | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.2 | ||||
| Hospitalization | 22 (3.3) | 5 (3.2) | 2 (3.4) | 0.9 | 0.7 | 1.0 | ||||
| Total | 660 | 186 | 58 | |||||||
HRV, rhinovirus; A/H1N1p, 2009 pandemic A/H1N1 influenza virus.