Table IIIa.
Co‐Occurrence of Respiratory Viruses With Three Main Bacterial Otitis Media Pathogens S. pneumoniae (Pnc), Nontypeable H. influenzae (NTHi), and M. catarrhalis (Mc) in the Nasopharynx of Children With a History of rAOM
| rAOM history, N = 180 | N | With Pnc, N (%) | With NTHi, N (%) | With Mc, N (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rhinovirus positive | 105 | 40 (38.1) | 56 (53.3) | 48 (45.7) |
| Rhinovirus negative | 75 | 33 (44.0) | 44 (58.7) | 28 (37.3) |
| P‐value | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.3 | |
| Bocavirus positive | 94 | 37 (39.4) | 54 (57.4) | 46 (48.9) |
| Bocavirus negative | 86 | 36 (41.9) | 46 (53.5) | 30 (34.9) |
| P‐value | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.06 | |
| Polyomavirus positive | 65 | 25 (38.5) | 40 (61.5) | 32 (49.2) |
| Polyomavirus negative | 115 | 48 (41.7) | 60 (52.2) | 44 (38.3) |
| P‐value | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| Parainfluenzavirus positive | 53 | 20 (37.7) | 30 (56.6) | 17 (32.1) |
| Parainfluenzavirus negative | 127 | 53 (41.7) | 70 (55.1) | 59 (46.5) |
| P‐value | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.08 | |
| Respiratory syncytial virus positive | 50 | 19 (38.0) | 29 (58.0) | 22 (44) |
| Respiratory syncytial virus negative | 130 | 54 (41.5) | 71 (54.6) | 54 (41.5) |
| P‐value | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | |
| Adenovirus positive | 45 | 24 (53.3) | 24 (53.3) | 27 (60.0) |
| Adenovirus negative | 135 | 49 (36.3) | 76 (56.3) | 49 (36.3) |
| P‐value | 0.04 | 0.7 | 0.005 | |
| Coronavirus positive | 26 | 13 (50.0) | 17 (65.4) | 10 (38.5) |
| Coronavirus negative | 154 | 60 (39.0) | 83 (53.9) | 66 (42.9) |
| P‐value | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.7 | |
| Enterovirus positive | 31 | 13 (40.0) | 17 (54.8) | 10 (32.3) |
| Enterovirus negative | 149 | 60 (41.9) | 83 (55.7) | 66 (44.3) |
| P‐value | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.2 | |
| Human metapneumovirus positive | 7 | 0 (0) | 3 (42.9) | 2 (28.6) |
| Human metapneumovirus negative | 173 | 73 (42.2) | 97 (56.1) | 74 (42.8) |
| P‐value | 0.03 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Number and percentage (between brackets) of samples in which both a virus and bacteria was detected. P‐value as determined using chi‐square analyses. Percentage calculated as percentage of the virus positive and virus negative value.
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